Absolute value - Absolute

Japanese: 絶対値 - ぜったいち
Absolute value - Absolute

For a real number a, the non-negative one of a or its sign-negated equivalent, -a, is called the absolute value of a and is expressed as |a|. In other words, |a| is a itself when a is positive, -a when a is negative, and 0 when a is 0. When considered on a number line, the absolute value of a represents the distance between the origin 0 and point a.

The following relationship exists between the calculation and absolute value of two real numbers a and b. First, for multiplication and division, the absolute value of the product or quotient of two numbers is equal to the product or quotient of the absolute values, respectively.


However, b cannot be 0. For addition and subtraction, the absolute value of the sum or difference of two numbers is less than or equal to the sum and greater than or equal to the difference.


Absolute values ​​are also defined for non-real numbers.

For z, the absolute value |z| is

The absolute value of z represents the distance between the origin and point z when z is expressed on the complex plane.

[Tatsuro Miwa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

実数aに対して、aまたはその符号を変えた-aのうち、負でないほうを、aの絶対値といい、|a|のように表す。つまり、|a|は、aが正のときはa自身、aが負のときは-a、aが0のときは0である。数直線上で考えるときは、aの絶対値は原点0と点aとの距離を表す。

 二つの実数a、bの計算と絶対値の間には次の関係がある。まず、乗法・除法については二つの積・商の絶対値は、それぞれ絶対値の積・商に等しい。


ただし、bは0でないとする。加法・減法については、二数の和・差の絶対値は絶対値の和以下、差以上である。


 実数以外に対しても絶対値が定められる。複素数

に対して、zの絶対値|z|を、

と定める。zの絶対値は、zを複素平面上に表すとき、原点と点zの距離を表す。

[三輪辰郎]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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