For a real number a, the non-negative one of a or its sign-negated equivalent, -a, is called the absolute value of a and is expressed as |a|. In other words, |a| is a itself when a is positive, -a when a is negative, and 0 when a is 0. When considered on a number line, the absolute value of a represents the distance between the origin 0 and point a. The following relationship exists between the calculation and absolute value of two real numbers a and b. First, for multiplication and division, the absolute value of the product or quotient of two numbers is equal to the product or quotient of the absolute values, respectively.
[Tatsuro Miwa] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
実数aに対して、aまたはその符号を変えた-aのうち、負でないほうを、aの絶対値といい、|a|のように表す。つまり、|a|は、aが正のときはa自身、aが負のときは-a、aが0のときは0である。数直線上で考えるときは、aの絶対値は原点0と点aとの距離を表す。 二つの実数a、bの計算と絶対値の間には次の関係がある。まず、乗法・除法については二つの積・商の絶対値は、それぞれ絶対値の積・商に等しい。
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