A perennial herb of the Berberidaceae family (APG classification: Berberidaceae). The rhizome is thick and short, spreading horizontally, and produces strong, thin roots. The basal leaves have long stalks and are compound, trifoliate, 2-3 times, with ovate leaflets with pointed tips, heart-shaped or arrowhead-shaped bases, and many serrulate edges. The hairs on the leaves vary from abundant on both sides to almost none. It blooms in April and May. A single leaf similar to the basal leaf is attached to a flower stalk about 30-50 cm long, and 4-7 flowers are attached to a raceme at the top. The flowers open downward, are 3 cm in diameter, and are white or reddish purple. There are eight sepals, the outer four of which fall off early. The four petals have a long spur that resembles an anchor, hence the name anchor grass. It grows under forests in mountainous areas and is found in southwestern Hokkaido, the Pacific coast of Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu, where it is cultivated for medicinal and decorative purposes. There are many varieties, including Ikarisou, Yachimataikarisou, Higoikarisou, etc. A similar species, Himeikarisou, which has small flowers and shows an intermediate form with Baikarisou, is found in Shikoku and Kyushu. [Kazuo Suzuki September 17, 2019] MedicinalThe stems and leaves of Epimedium are called Yin Yang Yang Li or Senrei Hi in traditional Chinese medicine, and are used as a tonic, aphrodisiac and painkiller to treat impotence, joint pain, back pain, quadriplegia and amnesia. It is said that the name Yin Yang Yang Li came from the fact that sheep in the mountains in northern Sichuan Province, China, ate this grass and mated 100 times a day, but it is not a good remedy for impotence. The Chinese medicinal wine Senrei Hi wine is intended to treat back pain and quadriplegia. In China, Epimedium sagittatum Bak. is used. [Motoo Nagasawa September 17, 2019] [Reference item] |It produces crimson purple flowers that hang downward from April to May. The long spur shape of the flowers is reminiscent of an anchor. ©Shogakukan "> Epimedium flower ©Kanzo Otawa "> Epimedium (specimen drawing) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
メギ科(APG分類:メギ科)の多年草。根茎は太く短く横にはい、じょうぶな細い根を出す。根出葉は長い柄があり、2~3回3出複葉になり、小葉は卵形で先はとがり、基部は心臓形または矢じり形、縁(へり)に刺毛状の鋸歯(きょし)が多い。葉の毛は両面とも多いものから、ほとんどないものまで、さまざまである。4~5月に開花。30~50センチメートルほどの花茎に根出葉とよく似た葉を1枚つけ、上には総状花序に4~7花をつける。花は下向きに開き、径3センチメートル、白ないし紅紫色。萼片(がくへん)は8枚で外側の4枚は早く落ちる。花弁は4枚で長い距(きょ)がありこれが錨(いかり)に似ているので錨草という。山地の林下に生え、北海道西南部、本州の太平洋側、四国、九州に分布し、薬用、観賞用に栽培する。変種が多く、イカリソウの他に、ヤチマタイカリソウ、ヒゴイカリソウなどがある。類似の種に花が小さく、バイカイカリソウとの中間形態を示すヒメイカリソウが四国、九州に分布する。 [鈴木和雄 2019年9月17日] 薬用イカリソウの茎葉を漢方では淫羊藿(いんようかく)または仙霊脾(せんれいひ)と称して、強壮、強精、止痛薬として陰萎(いんい)、関節痛、腰痛、四肢麻痺(まひ)、健忘などの治療に用いる。中国四川(しせん)省北部の山中でヒツジがこの草を食べて1日に100回交合したことから淫羊藿の名が生まれたといわれているが、陰萎の治療薬としては良質ではない。なお、中国の薬酒である仙霊脾酒は腰痛、四肢麻痺の治療を目的にしたものである。中国ではホザキノイカリソウE. sagittatum Bak.が用いられる。 [長沢元夫 2019年9月17日] [参照項目] |4~5月、紅紫色の花を下向きにつける。長い距のある形が錨を連想させる©Shogakukan"> イカリソウの花 ©大多和鐘三"> イカリソウ〔標本画〕 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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