Seng-wang (Seiou)

Japanese: 聖王 - せいおう（英語表記）Sǒng-wang

[raw]?
[Deceased] Seiou 32 (554)
The 26th king of Baekje, one of the three ancient kingdoms of Korea (reigned 523-554). Son of King Muryeong. His given name was Myeong-jo, and he was also called King Seongmyeong. King Seong's reign was a very difficult time, with the powerful Goguryeo in the north and the rising Silla in the east. The king paid tribute to the Liang Dynasty of the Southern Dynasty of China, adopted its cultural system, and attempted to restore the country's power. In other words, in the 16th year of King Seong's reign (538), he moved the capital from Kumseong to Sabi, temporarily changed the country's name to Nambuyo, and reformed the central and local systems. The king's foreign policy was full of intrigue and scheming, and while he pretended to support Japan in response to Silla's advance into Mimana, in fact he himself had ambitions of annexing Mimana, and after the annexation of Geumgwan-guk (532), he took the lead in the Mimana Restoration Conference and attempted to advance into Mimana to check Japan. As for Goguryeo, he temporarily allied with Silla and advanced into the Han River basin in the 29th year of King Seong's reign (551), recapturing six lost castles. However, the following year Silla recaptured them, so in the 32nd year of the same year, the king invaded Silla, but was defeated by the Silla army and died in battle. The king was famous for sending envoys to Japan frequently, partly to seek aid, to introduce Buddhism (statues of Buddha, banners, sutras, treatises) and to send scholars of the Five Classics, medicine, the I Ching, and calendars (→ Baekje culture). Japanese historical documents state that it was brought to Japan in the 13th year of the reign of Emperor Kinmei (552) by Seihoki Shidachi Sochinuri Shichikei and others (→ Emperor Kinmei).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]?
[没]聖王32 (554)
朝鮮，古代三国の一つ百済の第26代の王（在位 523～554）。武寧王の子。諱は明禯（めいじょう），聖明王とも呼ぶ。聖王の時代は北方に強敵高句麗が迫り，東方には新興の新羅の脅威を受け，きわめて多難な時代であった。王は中国南朝の梁に朝貢してその文物制度を取り入れ，国力の回復をはかった。すなわち聖王16（538）年，首都を熊津から泗沘に移し国号も一時南扶余と改め，中央，地方の制度を改革した。王の外交政策は権謀術策が多く，新羅の任那進出に対しては日本を支持するごとく見せかけて事実は王自身も任那併合の野心をもち，金官国併合（532）以後は任那復興会議の主導権を握りながら任那への進出をはかって日本を牽制した。また高句麗に対しては一時新羅と結んで聖王29（551）年ハン（漢）江流域に進出し，失われていた 6城を奪回した。しかし翌年新羅にこれを奪われたので同 32年王は新羅に攻め込んだが，かえって新羅軍のために敗北して戦死した。王は援助を仰ぐ意味もあって盛んに日本に使節を派遣し，仏教（釈迦像，幡蓋，経論）を伝え，また五経，医，易，暦などの学者を送ったことで有名（→百済文化）。日本側史料には，欽明13（552）年西部姫氏達率怒唎斯致契（せいほうきしだちそちぬりしちけい）らによってもたらされたと記されている（→欽明天皇）。

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