It is a document prepared by a doctor that describes the name of the injury or disability, the progress and current symptoms of treatment, and the results. The 2008 revision of medical fees introduced a new system of medical administrative work support, and the "Promotion of the division of roles between doctors and medical professionals and administrative staff (Notice from the Director-General of the Medical Affairs Bureau of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, December 28, 2007)" allows administrative staff to write on behalf of doctors as assistants, on the condition that the doctor confirms and signs the document in the end. Doctors are obligated to issue medical certificates, and it is stipulated that "when a doctor who has examined or examined a patient or attended a birth is requested to issue a medical certificate or autopsy certificate, he/she must not refuse the request without a valid reason" (Medical Practitioners Act, Article 19, Paragraph 2). Medical certificates can be broadly divided into "death certificates (autopsy reports)" and certificates for other purposes. Death certificates are documents that medically and legally certify the death of a human being, and are also important as documents that serve as the basis for creating basic administrative data (statistics on causes of death) related to the public's health, medical care, and welfare. For this reason, the necessary information is clearly specified in Article 20 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Medical Practitioners Act and in the "Manual for Completing Death Certificates (Autopsy Reports)" (Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare). In addition, if a patient who is still undergoing treatment dies due to a cause related to an injury or illness related to treatment, a death certificate will be prepared, but in other cases, an autopsy must be performed on the body and an autopsy report must be prepared. The contents of regular medical certificates used for various insurance claims are not standardized. The administrative burden of creating documents according to individual formats and the burden of reviewing past medical records cannot be said to be small, and these are considered to be issues in reducing the burden on doctors in situations that are not related to direct medical care for patients. [Maeda Yukihiro] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
傷病名・障害名、治療の経過や現症、結果などを記載した文書で、医師が作成する証明書のことである。2008年度診療報酬改定で新設された医師事務作業補助体制加算および「医師及び医療関係職と事務職員等との間等での役割分担の推進について(厚生労働省医政局長通知。平成19年12月28日)」により、医師が最終的に確認し署名することを条件に、事務職員が医師の補助者として記載を代行することが可能となった。医師には診断書の交付義務があり、「診察若(も)しくは検案をし、又は出産に立ち会つた医師は、診断書若しくは検案書又は出生証明書若しくは死産証書の交付の求があつた場合には、正当の事由がなければ、これを拒んではならない」と規定されている(医師法19条2項)。 診断書には大きく分けて「死亡診断書(死体検案書)」とそれ以外の目的の診断書がある。死亡診断書は、人間の死亡を医学的・法律的に証明する書類であり、また、国民の保健・医療・福祉に関する行政の基礎資料(死因統計)作成の元となる書類として重要な意義がある。そのため、医師法施行規則の第20条および「死亡診断書(死体検案書)記入マニュアル」(厚生労働省)のなかに必要記載事項が明確に定められている。また、診療継続中の患者が診療に係る傷病と関連する原因により死亡した場合については死亡診断書が作成されるが、それ以外の場合には、死体を検案し、死体検案書を作成しなければならないとされている。 各種保険金の請求などに使われる通常の診断書は記載内容が標準化されていない。個々の様式にあわせて書類作成が必要なことに伴う事務作業負荷や、過去の診療記録の確認のための負荷は小さいとはいえず、これらは患者への直接の診療に関係しない場面での医師の負担軽減に向けての課題と考えられる。 [前田幸宏] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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