Sundai Zatsuwa - Sundai Zatsuwa

This is a collection of essays representative of the Edo period by Neo-Confucian scholar Muro Kyuso. It consists of five volumes, each covering benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and sincerity. It is a collection of casual conversations that Kyuso told to students at his residence in Surugadai, Edo, the year before in 1732 (Kyoho 17), when he was 75 years old. A preface was added in the same year, and it was published in 1748 (Kan'en 1), after his death. From the standpoint of believing Neo-Confucianism to be the correct teaching, he criticized the ancient learning of Ito Jinsai and the classical literary learning of Ogyu Sorai, which were popular at the time. The essays are written in simple, gentle, and elegant Japanese, and cover a wide range of topics from ancient to modern Japan and China, from politics and morality to customs, scholarship, poetry, and military law. The book's flexible approach, which emphasizes action over argument, advocates the use of human resources, and regards the human mind as a living thing, may be due to Kyusu's maturity as well as his awareness of Jinsai and Sorai, who emphasized such aspects. Written with the hope that it would serve as "the opening of orthodox learning for future generations," this book has been reprinted many times since its first edition, and it is also important to note that it had an influence on the revival of Neo-Confucianism, especially during the Meiwa and Kansei eras (1764-1801).

[Hiromi Takahashi]

"Sundai Zatsuwa" (included in "Nihon Zuihitsu Taisei Volume 6, Third Series," Yoshikawa Kobunkan, 1977)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

朱子学者・駿台先生室鳩巣(むろきゅうそう)の江戸時代を代表する随筆集。仁義礼智(ち)信の各集五巻からなる。1732年（享保17）鳩巣75歳のとき、その前年に江戸・駿河台(するがだい)の居宅で諸生に語った雑話を書き集めたもので、同年自序が付され、没後の1748年（寛延1）に刊行された。朱子学を正学とする立場から当時流行の伊藤仁斎(じんさい)の古義学や荻生徂徠(おぎゅうそらい)の古文辞学を批判した。人としての生き方を平易温雅な和文で綴(つづ)って、話題は広く古今和漢の諸事にわたり、政治、道徳から風俗、学問、詩文、軍法にまで及んでいる。議論よりも実行を重んじ、人材の活用を説き、人心を活物(かつぶつ)ととらえるなど、本書に柔軟な姿勢が認められるのは、鳩巣の円熟とともに、そうした面を強調した仁斎や徂徠を意識してのことでもあろう。「後世に至って正学の開くる端にも」なればと執筆された本書が、初版以後、版を重ねて、とくに明和(めいわ)～寛政(かんせい)年間（1764～1801）の朱子学復興に影響を与えた点も見逃すことができない。

［高橋博巳］

『『駿台雑話』（『日本随筆大成第三期　第六巻』所収・1977・吉川弘文館）』

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