Io is one of the four major moons of Jupiter discovered by Galileo in 1610. It is also called Jupiter I and orbits the planet closest to it. It has a luminosity of about 5, an orbital period of 1.77 days, and a diameter of about 3,640 km. Its density of 3.57 is the highest among the four major moons. In 1979, Voyager 1 and 2 approached Jupiter and took many close-up photographs, which revealed many things. There are seven active volcanoes on the surface, which spew gas and dust consisting of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. Some of the gas diffuses into orbit around Jupiter, and this is the source of the doughnut-shaped ionized gas belt that surrounds Jupiter. Io's surface is covered with erupted material that glows orange and white, and has a high albedo. It is believed that the tidal action caused by Jupiter's gravity provides the energy for volcanic activity. Io |
1610年にガリレイが発見した木星の四大衛星のうちの一つ。木星Iとも呼ばれ,四大衛星のなかでは最も木星に近い軌道を回っている。光度約5等,公転周期 1.77日,直径約 3640km。密度は 3.57で四大衛星中最大。 1979年ボイジャー1,2号が木星に接近して多くの近接写真を撮った結果,さまざまなことが明らかになった。表面には7つの活火山があり,硫化水素や二酸化硫黄から成るガスや塵を噴き上げている。ガスの一部は木星を回る軌道上に拡散し,これが木星を取巻くドーナツ状電離ガス帯の源になっている。イオの表面は,オレンジ色と白色に輝く噴出物質によっておおわれており,高いアルベドを示す。木星の引力による潮汐作用が火山活動のエネルギーを供給していると思われている。
イオ
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