Cheng Fang-wu (English)

Japanese: 成仿吾 - せいほうご（英語表記）Cheng Fang-wu

Born: July 16, 1897.
Died May 17, 1984. Chinese critic and educator from Xinhua County, Hubei Province. Born into a fallen landlord family. Arrived in Japan in 1910, and after graduating from the Sixth High School, dropped out of the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Tokyo. In 1921, he formed the Creative Society with Guo Moruo and Yu Dafu, and played an active role as its theoretical spokesman. He gradually became more left-leaning, and in 1927, he joined the Wuhan government. After the government's collapse, he fled to Japan and wrote the critique "From Literary Revolution to Revolutionary Literature." Around that time, he joined the Chinese Communist Party. He also went to Germany and France, and returned to China in 1931. He followed the Long March to Yan'an, where he became the principal of Shaanbei Public School. From this time on, he devoted himself to education, and after liberation, he served as the principal of North China Union University and a member of the North China People's Government Committee, and in 1952, he became the principal of Northeast Normal University. In 1955, he came to Japan as a peace representative with Xie Bingxin and others. He was criticized during the Cultural Revolution, but after the downfall of the Gang of Four, he became president of Renmin University of China in 1979 and later served as a Standing Committee member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]光緒23(1897).7.16.
[没]1984.5.17. 北京
中国の評論家，教育者。湖北省新化県の人。没落地主家庭の出身。宣統2 (1910) 年渡日し，第六高等学校を経て東京大学工学部中退。 1921年郭沫若，郁達夫らと「創造社」を組織してその理論的代弁者として活躍。その後次第に左傾し，27年武漢政府に参加，その崩壊後日本に亡命して評論『文学革命から革命文学へ』を執筆，その前後に中国共産党に入党した。さらにドイツ，フランスにおもむき，31年帰国，長征に従って延安におもむき，陝北公学校長となった。この頃から教育活動に専心，解放後は華北連合大学校長，華北人民政府委員を経て，52年東北師範大学校長。 55年平和代表として謝冰心 (しゃひょうしん) らと来日した。文化大革命で批判を受けたが，四人組失脚後は 79年に中国人民大学校長に就任，その後，中国人民政治協商会議全国委員会常務委員をつとめた。

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