The singular form is spaghetto, but it is usually called spaghetti in the plural. The word originates from the combination of spago (string) and etto (diminutive). This is probably because the shape resembles a long, thin string. Along with macaroni, it is a type of dried pasta that is representative of the pasta genre. The history of spaghetti is thought to be relatively recent, even in terms of the origin of the word. In other words, it is thought to date back to the 18th century, when the pasta industry developed in Italy and pasta-making machines were manufactured. However, it is not true that pasta similar to spaghetti did not exist before then. For example, vermicelli appears in documents from the 13th century. Vermicelli is a word formed by combining the diminutive suffix celli with verme (a long insect such as a caterpillar), so it is thought to have been a type of pasta very similar to spaghetti. The manufacturing process is the same as for macaroni, where semolina flour (durum wheat with a high gluten content) is mixed with water and eggs, kneaded thoroughly, extruded through a mold using a high-pressure press, and dried in a dryer. They are all long and thin in shape, but in Japan, the JAS standard requires that the thickness be between 1.2 mm and 2.5 mm. To cook it, boil plenty of water and add a tablespoon of salt per liter of water. Be careful not to overcook it, and drain the water while it is still firm (the ideal cooked state is called al dente), and immediately serve it with a warmed sauce. This is the secret to eating it deliciously. There are many sauces that go well with spaghetti, but the most well-known are probably salsa bolognese (meat sauce) and salsa napoletana (Neapolitan sauce). There are also many other sauces, such as vongole (a clam sauce), cozze (a mussel sauce), pescatore (a seafood sauce), aglio e peperoncini (a chilli and garlic sauce), carbonara (a bacon and egg sauce), and burro e parmigiano (a butter and cheese sauce). [Nobuo Nishimura] [Reference] |The main types of long pasta. From top to bottom, there are vermicelli (also called vermicelli, with a diameter of around 1.0 to 1.2 mm), spaghettini (with a diameter of around 1.4 to 1.6 mm), and spaghetti (with a diameter of around 1.6 to 1.9 mm). ©Shogakukan "> Pasta (long pasta) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
単数形はスパゲットspaghettoであるが、普通スパゲッティと複数形でよばれる。語源は、spagoスパーゴ(紐(ひも))にettoという縮小辞がついてできたことばである。形が細長い紐に似ていたからであろう。マカロニと並んで、乾燥パスタを代表するパスタの一種である。 スパゲッティの歴史は、ことばの成り立ちからみても、比較的新しいと考えられる。つまり、イタリアでパスタ産業が発展し、製麺(せいめん)機が製造された18世紀のころと考えられる。それまで、スパゲッティによく似たパスタが存在しなかったわけではない。たとえばベルミチェッリは13世紀の文献に出ている。ベルミチェッリは、ベルメ(毛虫などの長い虫)に、チェッリという縮小辞がついてできたことばであるから、おそらくスパゲッティによく似たパスタの一種であったと考えられる。 製法はマカロニと同じで、セモリーナ粉(グルテン含量の多いデューラム小麦)に水や卵を加えてよく練り、高圧のプレスで型金から押し出し、乾燥機で乾かす。形はすべて細長いが、太さは日本の場合JAS(ジャス)規格で1.2ミリメートル以上2.5ミリメートル未満のものとされている。 調理の仕方は、たっぷりと湯を沸かし、湯1リットルにつき軽く大さじ一杯の塩を入れてゆでる。ゆですぎないように注意し、「こし」のしっかりしているうちに湯切りをし(理想的なゆであがりの状態をアルデンテという)、すぐに温めておいたソースをあわせるのが、おいしく食べるこつである。 スパゲッティにあうソースは多いが、代表的なものはサルサ・ボロニェーゼ(ミートソース)と、サルサ・ナポレターナ(ナポリタンソース)であろう。ほかにアサリのソースのボンゴレ、ムールガイのソースのコッツェ、魚貝類のソースのペスカトーレ、トウガラシとニンニクのソースのアリオ・エ・ペペロンチーネ、ベーコンと卵のソースのカルボナーラ、バターとチーズだけのブッロ・エ・パルミジャーノなど数多くある。 [西村暢夫] [参照項目] |ロングパスタのおもなもの。上からベルミチェッリ(バーミセリともいう。直径1.0~1.2mm前後)、スパゲッティーニ(直径1.4~1.6mm前後)、スパゲッティ(直径1.6~1.9mm前後)©Shogakukan"> パスタ(ロングパスタ) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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