The state humans were in before they artificially formed political society. It is a hypothesis that was developed in response to the question of why humans form society, with the intention of first dismantling existing social relations and then theoretically reconstructing them from the individuals that make them up, and is an inseparable concept from the social contract theory. However, the view of the state of nature differs depending on the theorist; T. Hobbes considered it to be a state of war, while J.-J. Rousseau considered it to be a golden age. J. Locke took a middle ground. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
人為的に政治社会を形成する以前に,人間がおかれていた状態。人間はなぜ社会を形成するのかという問いに対して,一度現存の社会関係を解体し,それを構成する個人から理論的に再構成しようとする意図から考察された仮説で社会契約説とは不可分の概念。ただし論者によって自然状態観はそれぞれ異なり,T.ホッブズはそれを戦争状態と考え,J.-J.ルソーは黄金時代とした。 J.ロックはその中間をとった。
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