Squall - Squall (English spelling)

Japanese: スコール - すこーる(英語表記)squall
Squall - Squall (English spelling)

It is a term that describes weather conditions and has two meanings. One is localized bad weather, with thunder and heavy rainfall accompanied by developed clouds. In many cases, the wind is also strong. This is the more common nautical term. The other is the phenomenon of strong winds suddenly blowing out, which often weakens within a few minutes. It is different from a wind breath, that is, a phenomenon in which the wind gets stronger and weaker. To distinguish between the two, the internationally agreed standard for a squall is when the wind speed increases by at least 8 meters per second to 11 meters per second or more, and continues for more than one minute. A squall accompanied by clouds and rain is called a black squall, and when there are no clouds and the sea surface looks white, it is called a white squall. A squall line originally referred to a long stretch of bad weather accompanied by a cold front, but now it refers to a linear convection phenomenon that appears in the warm area of ​​a low pressure system, and is also called an instability line. It has nothing to do with the presence or absence of a squall.

[Takeji Shinohara]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

気象状況を表す用語で、二つの意味がある。その一つは局地的な悪天気で、発達した雲に伴い雷が鳴って強い雨が降ったりする。多くの場合、風も強い。航海用語としては、このほうが普通である。もう一つは、強い風が急に吹き出す現象で、その風は数分程度で弱まることが多い。風の息、つまり風が強まったり弱くなったり変動する現象とは異なる。両者を区別するため、風速が少なくとも8メートル毎秒増大して11メートル毎秒以上となり、それが1分間以上続く場合が、国際的に決められたスコール現象の規準とされている。雲や雨を伴うものをブラック・スコール、雲がなくて海面が白くみえる場合をホワイト・スコールともいう。スコールラインsquall lineは、もともとは、寒冷前線などに伴う長く伸びた悪天域をさしたが、いまは、低気圧の温暖域に現れる線状の対流現象を意味し、不安定線ともよばれる。スコールの有無には関係ない。

[篠原武次]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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