Privy Council - Suumitsuin

Japanese: 枢密院 - すうみついん

Established in 1888 to deliberate on the draft of the old constitution (Constitution of the Empire of Japan), this was an advisory body to the Emperor that was also stipulated in the old constitution. It consisted of a chairman, vice-chairman, and advisors (initially 12, later increased), all of whom were veteran statesmen and experienced individuals over the age of 40. The Emperor attended the meetings, and Ministers of State and adult Imperial Princes were also allowed to attend. Legally, the body only responded to consultations on the Constitution, statutes attached to the Constitution, emergency imperial decrees, treaties, etc. However, in reality, in the 1920s, during the period of party cabinets, it clashed with the government many times, and as the guardian of the old constitution, it defended the Emperor's supreme power, and functioned as a third house of parliament (Imperial Diet). It was abolished when the Constitution of Japan came into effect in 1947.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

1888年旧憲法（大日本帝国憲法）草案審議のため設置され，旧憲法にも規定された天皇の諮問機関。議長，副議長，顧問官（初め12名，のちに増員）からなり，いずれも40歳以上の元勲および練達の者が選ばれた。会議には天皇が出席し，国務大臣，成年の親王も列席を認められた。法的には憲法および憲法付属の法令，緊急勅令，条約等につき諮問に応ずるにすぎなかった。しかし実際政治の上では1920年代の政党内閣期に政府と衝突を重ね，旧憲法の番人として天皇大権の防衛に当たり，議会（帝国議会）の第三院的機能を発揮した。1947年日本国憲法の施行によって廃止。
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