Swedish turnip - Swedish turnip

Japanese: スウェーデンカブ - すうぇーでんかぶ
Swedish turnip - Swedish turnip

A biennial plant of the Brassicaceae family (APG classification: Brassicaceae). The leaves and stems are similar to cabbage (also known as kalan), and the roots swell into large turnips, hence the name turnip kalan (cabbage kalan), but the neck is longer than that of a turnip, has less moisture and is firmer. It is also called o-kabu (big turnip), but is a different species from turnip and is thought to have arisen from a mutation of the European rapeseed. There is also a theory that it is a hybrid of cabbage and turnip. It is said to have originated in the Bohemia region. It is cultivated in cool areas of Europe, and in England and other places it is called Sweden turnip and also rutabaga. It is said to have been introduced to Japan from Europe and the United States after the Meiji era, but there are records of it being cultivated in Hokkaido and the Tohoku region before that. It is highly cold-resistant, and is mainly cultivated in Hokkaido. It is important as livestock feed in the winter, and good quality ones are boiled and eaten as a winter vegetable in Hokkaido and the Tohoku region. It was once an important famine relief crop. The seeds are sown in early September, and the plant will shoot up the following spring and bloom pale yellow flowers. It is harvested around December.

[Hoshikawa Kiyochika November 13, 2020]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アブラナ科(APG分類:アブラナ科)の二年草。葉と茎はキャベツ(別名カンラン)に似ており、根が大形のカブ状に肥大するのでカブカンラン(蕪甘藍)の名があるが、カブよりも首の部分が長く、水分は少なくて肉質は堅い。オオカブともよばれるが、カブとは別種で、セイヨウアブラナから突然変異で生じたものと考えられている。キャベツとカブとの交雑種との説もある。原産地はボヘミア地方といわれる。ヨーロッパの冷涼地で栽培され、イギリスなどでは、Sweden turnip(スウェーデンのカブ)とよばれ、またルタバガrutabagaの名もある。日本へは明治以降に欧米から導入されたとされているが、それ以前に北海道や東北地方で栽培されていた記録がある。耐寒性が強く、北海道で主として栽培される。冬季の家畜の飼料としても重要であるほか、良品質のものは煮食用として北海道、東北地方で冬の野菜とされる。かつては救荒作物としても重要であった。9月上旬に種を播(ま)くと、翌年の春にとう立ちして淡黄色の花を開く。収穫は12月ころとなる。

[星川清親 2020年11月13日]

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