Wang Yinzhi - Wang Yinzhi

A Chinese scholar in the mid-Qing dynasty. Son of Wang Niansun. His courtesy name was Boshen. A native of Gaoyou Prefecture, Jiangsu Province. A Jinshi in 1799 (4th year of the Jiaqing era). He was an editor at the Hanlin Academy, and served as an examiner for the local examinations, the Censorship Office, the Ministry of War, and high-ranking officials in the Ministry of Personnel, as well as a tribute officer for the examinations. He was made Minister of the Ministry of Rites, and died on November 24, 14th year of the reign of Daoguang, while still serving as Minister of Works, and was posthumously named Wenjian. His work, "The Meaning of the Classic" (32 volumes, 1827), as its name suggests, describes the interpretations of the scriptures he heard from his father. While clearly stating his father Nensun's theory as "the chief priest of the family says," he presents arguments based on sufficient evidence to clarify the original meaning of the scriptures in places where the ancient commentaries on the texts were still in doubt. "Taisai Ko" and "Zhouqin Mingzi Kaiko" were published together with this work, and his 10-volume "The Commentary on the Classic of the Classic" explains the usage of empty characters in ancient pre-Qin texts. His learning, along with that of his father, is said to be the learning of seeking truth, and together with Dai Zhen and Duan Yuzhai, it is called the learning of the two kings of Dai and Duan.

[Mitsuo Kondo March 18, 2016]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、清(しん)朝中期の学者。王念孫(ねんそん)の子。字(あざな)は伯申(はくしん)。江蘇(こうそ)省高郵(こうゆう)州の人。1799年（嘉慶4）の進士。翰林院(かんりんいん)編修となり郷試の正考官や、都察院(とさついん)、兵部、吏部の高官を歴任して会試の知貢挙(ちこうきょ)を務め、礼部尚書となり、道光(どうこう)14年11月24日、工部尚書在官中に卒(しゅっ)し、文簡(ぶんかん)と諡(おくりな)された。その著『経義述聞(けいぎじゅつぶん)』32巻（1827）は、その名のとおり父から聞いた経解釈を述べるという意味で、「家大人曰(かたいじんいわ)く」として父念孫の説を明示しつつ、古来の伝箋(でんせん)注釈ではなお疑義のある箇所につき、十分な証拠に基づく論証を展開して、経本来の意を解明する。『太歳考(たいさいこう)』『周秦名字解詁(しゅうしんめいじかいこ)』はこれに合刊され、また『経伝釈詞(けいでんしゃくし)』10巻は先秦(せんしん)古書における虚字の用法を解く。その学は父とともに求是の学といわれ、戴震(たいしん)、段玉裁(だんぎょくさい)とあわせ戴段二王の学と称される。

［近藤光男　2016年3月18日］

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