A tunnel built underwater, such as a river, canal, harbor, or strait. When built under the sea, it is called an undersea tunnel. In any case, there is an almost infinite amount of water above, so if a large spring of water occurs during construction, it could cause the tunnel to become submerged or induce landslides, making construction difficult. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to prevent water from springing up during construction, and special care must be taken when the geology is soft. With the exception of undersea tunnels such as the Seikan Tunnel, the majority of underwater tunnels are built in large cities near river mouths, and many of them are located in places with soft geology. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
河川,運河,港湾,海峡などの水底に作られるトンネル。とくに海底に作られる場合は海底トンネルと呼ばれる。いずれにしても上部には無限ともいえる水があるので,工事中に大湧水があると,トンネルが水没したり土砂崩壊を誘発したりして工事が難航するおそれがある。したがって,工事中の湧水を防ぐことがもっともたいせつで,地質が軟弱な場合にはとくに留意することが必要となる。水底トンネルは青函トンネルのような海底トンネルを除けば,大多数は河口近くの大都市に作られ,地質も軟弱な場所が多い。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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