Neo-Freudians

Japanese: 新フロイト派 - しんふろいとは(英語表記)Neo-Freudians
Neo-Freudians

Adler and Jung criticized Freud's ideas on sexual drive (libido) and broke away from Freud, respectively establishing new individual psychology and analytical psychology around the time of World War I, but those who belong to the school of psychoanalysis that followed Adler's lead are called neo-Freudians. Representatives of this school include Horney, Fromm, Sullivan, Sándor Radó (1890-1972) of Hungary, and Harald Schultz-Hencke (1892-1953) of Germany. Their works are widely circulated because they are aimed at general readers rather than specialists.

The general characteristic of the Neo-Freudian school is that it rejects the idea of ​​libido in biological or sexual terms, instead placing emphasis on the influence of society and culture, and attempts to describe culturally determined patterns of behavior based on social structure and interpersonal relationships. As a result, it emphasizes social attitudes rather than developmental ideas of personality (oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, etc.) or structural ideas (id, ego, superego). In some cases, the significance of unconscious processes is barely considered. It is also called the cultural school, as it places emphasis on the society and culture in which the patient currently lives and considers them from a comparative cultural perspective.

[Daisaku Tonobayashi and Masamichi Kawabata]

"New Paths in Psychoanalysis" by Horney, edited by Wagatsuma Hiroshi et al., translated by Yasuda Ichiro ("Horney Collected Works 3", 1972, Seishin Shobo)""Dream Psychoanalysis: A Forgotten Language" revised new edition by Erich Fromm, translated by Tonobayashi Daisaku (1985, Tokyo Sogensha)""Schizophrenia is a Human Process" by Harry Stack Sullivan, translated by Nakai Hisao et al. (1995, Misuzu Shobo)"

[References] | Adler | Sullivan | Freudian | Fromm | Horney

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アドラーとユングはフロイトの性的衝動(リビドー)の考え方を批判してフロイトから離反し、第一次世界大戦前ごろからそれぞれ新しい個人心理学、分析的心理学を樹立するが、とくにアドラーの流れに沿った精神分析学派に属する人たちを新フロイト派とよぶ。その代表的な人はホーナイ、フロム、サリバン、ハンガリーのラドSándor Radó(1890―1972)、ドイツのシュルツヘンケHarald Schultz-Hencke(1892―1953)などである。その人たちの著作は専門的というより一般読者を対象としているところから広く流布している。

 新フロイト派の一般的特徴は、リビドーを生物的、性的に考えることを拒否し、むしろ社会、文化の影響力を重視し、社会構造、対人関係から文化的に規定された行動様式を記述しようとするところにある。そのため人格の発達的考え方(口唇期、肛門(こうもん)期、男根期など)や構造的な考え方(エス、自我、超自我)よりも社会的態度が強調される。無意識過程の意義がほとんど考えられない場合もある。患者が現に生きている社会・文化を重視し、それを比較文化論的に考察するので、文化学派ともよばれる。

[外林大作・川幡政道]

『ホーナイ著、我妻洋他編、安田一郎訳『精神分析の新しい道』(『ホーナイ全集3』1972・誠信書房)』『エーリッヒ・フロム著、外林大作訳『夢の精神分析――忘れられた言語』改訂新版(1985・東京創元社)』『ハリー・スタック・サリヴァン著、中井久夫他訳『分裂病は人間的過程である』(1995・みすず書房)』

[参照項目] | アドラー | サリバン | フロイト学派 | フロム | ホーナイ

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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