Social bandit

Japanese: social bandit(英語表記)socialbandit
Social bandit

…A bandit is someone who is considered a criminal and an outlaw by those in power, such as the state or feudal lords, but who enjoys strong support from the people, who steals from the rich and gives to the poor, and who ultimately loses his life trying to right the injustices of the world, but whose heroic actions make him live on as a legend in the hearts of the people. The British historian Hobsbawm called this a “social bandit” to distinguish it from a simple bandit. A typical example is Robin Hood, a legendary figure in medieval England, but similar examples can be found widely in pre-modern rural societies. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "social bandit" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…国家や領主などの権力者からは犯罪人と目され,無法者とされながらも,民衆からは強い支持を受け,富める者から奪っては貧しき者に分かち与え,世の不正を正さんとしてついに命を落とすが,その英雄的行動により民衆の心のうちに伝説的に生き続ける存在,それが義賊である。イギリスの歴史家ホブズボームは,これを単なる追剝と区別して〈社会的山賊social bandit〉と呼んだ。典型的には,中世イングランドの伝説化された存在であるロビン・フッドが挙げられるが,同様の事例は前近代の農村社会には広く見いだすことができる。…

※「social bandit」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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