Thessaly - Thessalía

Japanese: テッサリア - てっさりあ(英語表記)Thessalía
Thessaly - Thessalía

The region in central-eastern Greece, between Epirus and the Aegean Sea. English name: Thessaly. It consists of four prefectures: Karditsa, Larissa, Magnesia, and Trikala. It has an area of ​​14,037 square kilometers and a population of 754,893 (2001). Its capital city is Larissa. It is centered on the fertile plains of the Pinios River basin, and is surrounded by high mountains of 2,000 to 3,000 meters, such as the Pindus Mountains to the west, Mount Olympus to the northeast, and Mount Helicon to the southeast. It is the second largest grain-producing region in Greece, and produces a wealth of wheat, beans, rice, fruits, tobacco, and more. It has also been known for raising horses since ancient times. It came under Ottoman control in 1393, but most of the region was ceded to Greece in 1881.

[Tomoko Mashita]

history

During the late Bronze Age, it was under the influence of Mycenaean culture, but in the 12th century BC, the Thessalians, who were invaders from the north, occupied the area. In the 6th century BC, it formed a loose confederation with a governor called Tagos at the top, and became powerful. At the end of the 5th century BC, Lycophron of Pherae established a tyranny, which weakened unity by coming into conflict with other Thessalian cities, but his son Jason became Tagian himself and claimed dominance over central Greece (c. 385-370 BC). With the rise of Macedonia, it came under its control. It was liberated by Rome in 196 BC, but was annexed to the Macedonian province in 148 BC. From the second half of the 3rd century AD, it was invaded by the Goths and Bulgarians, and from the end of the 6th century, Slavs settled there.

[Kenji Furukawa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ギリシア中東部、エピルスとエーゲ海とに挟まれた地方。英語名テッサリーThessaly。カルディッツァ、ラリサ、マグネシア、トリカラの4県からなる。面積1万4037平方キロメートル、人口75万4893(2001)。中心都市ラリサ。ピニオス川流域の肥沃(ひよく)な平原を中心とし、西をピンドス山脈、北東をオリンポス山、南東をヘリコン山など2000~3000メートルの高山に囲まれる。ギリシア第二の穀倉地帯で、麦類、豆類、米のほか、果物、タバコなどを豊かに産する。古代から馬の飼育でも知られる。1393年にオスマン帝国支配下に入ったが、1881年、同地方の大部分がギリシアに割譲された。

[真下とも子]

歴史

青銅器時代後期にはミケーネ文化の影響下にあったが、紀元前12世紀、北方からの侵入者のうちテッサリア人がこの地を占めた。前6世紀にタゴスtagosという長官職を頂点とした緩やかな連合国家を形成し強力となる。前5世紀末フェライPheraeのリコプロンが僭主(せんしゅ)政を樹立、他のテッサリア諸市と対立して団結を弱めたが、その子イアソンJasonは自らタゴスとなり、中央ギリシアに覇を唱えた(前385ころ~前370)。マケドニアの興隆とともにその支配下に入る。前196年ローマによって解放されたが、前148年属州マケドニアに併合。紀元後3世紀後半から、ゴート人、ブルガリア人の侵入を受け、6世紀末以後スラブ人が定住した。

[古川堅治]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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