Daphne odora (winter daphne)

Japanese: ジンチョウゲ(沈丁花) - ジンチョウゲ(英語表記)Daphne odora; winter daphne
Daphne odora (winter daphne)
An evergreen shrub of the Thymelaeaceae family. Native to China, it is commonly cultivated as a garden tree in Japan. The stems are upright and branched, and the bark has strong brown fibers. The leaves are oblanceolate, entire, and densely alternate. In horticultural varieties, the leaves are sometimes bordered with white. The flowers grow in clusters at the ends of the branches, blooming in early spring. The calyx is tubular with four lobes at the tip, and is white or reddish purple. It gives off a strong fragrance when it blooms. It is dioecious, and most of the trees in Japan are male, so it rarely bears fruit and is mainly propagated by cuttings. The Japanese name is a reference to the scent of the flowers, which is similar to that of the famous perfumes Jinkou (agarwood) and Choji (clove). Closely related species of the same genus that grow wild in Japan include D. pseudo - mezereum (Onishibari) and D. kiusiana (Koshi-noki).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
ジンチョウゲ科の常緑低木。中国原産であるが日本で庭木として普通に栽植される。茎は直立分枝し,樹皮には褐色の強い繊維がある。葉は倒披針形,全縁で密に互生する。園芸品ではときおり,葉縁部が白い縁どりになっているものがある。花は枝先に頭状に集まってつき,春先に開花する。がくは筒状で先端が4裂し,白色または紅紫色である。開花時に強い芳香を出す。雌雄異株で,日本のものはほとんどが雄木なので結実することは少なく,もっぱら挿し木で繁殖する。和名は花の香りを,香料として有名なジンコウ (沈香) およびチョウジ (丁子) の香りにたとえたものである。なお,日本に自生する同属の近縁種としてオニシバリ D. pseudo-mezereumやコショウノキ D. kiusianaがある。

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