...That is, it refers to a group of animals that belong to the groups of flatworms, nematodes (nematodes, worms, etc.), acanthocephala (coleoptera), and annelids, and is used to refer to both parasitic and free-living species. Medically, it refers to a group of multicellular parasites as opposed to single-celled protozoa, and the academic field that studies them is called parasitology. Parasitic helminths are thought to have originated from free-living species, and have developed organs such as suckers and hooks to attach to the host in order to adapt to a parasitic life, but because the surrounding area is rich in nutrients, their digestive organs have degenerated, and some species, such as tapeworms, lack them altogether. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "parasitology" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…すなわち扁形動物,線形動物(センチュウ,シジョウチュウなど),鉤頭動物(コウトウチュウ),環形動物などに属する動物群をいい,寄生生活種のみならず自由生活種も含めた呼称として用いられている。医学的には,単細胞の原虫に対して多細胞の寄生虫群を意味する名称で,それらについて研究する学問分野を寄生蠕虫学という。 寄生性の蠕虫は,自由生活種に由来したものと考えられており,寄生生活に適応して,吸盤や鉤など宿主に固着する器官の発達がみられる一方,周囲に栄養が豊富なので消化器官は退化し,条虫類のようにまったくこれを欠くものもある。… ※「寄生蠕虫学」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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