Shinji - Shinshiuji

Japanese: 進士氏 - しんしうじ

A samurai family in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods. A shinshi was a university student who diligently passed an examination set by the Ministry of Ceremonies under the Ritsuryo system. Later, it became a title and then a clan. Kiyokane (known as shinshi tayu and Nakagawa shinshi) is seen in the Shinsaku line of the Southern Fujiwara clan. In the Kamakura period, shinshi Mototsugu, Mitsumasa, and Takakuni appear as vassals in the Azuma Kagami. In the Muromachi period, the name of the shinshi clan appears in registers, indicating that they were servants of the shogunate. The Faculty of Letters at Hiroshima University has a collection of shinshi documents, which show that the shinshi clan in the Nanboku-cho and Muromachi periods held landholdings in areas connected to the Ashikaga Shogunate, such as Hiraku Village, Nomi County, Kaga Province, Mita Shrine, Imizu County, Etchu Province, and Ikago, Kawachi Province, as well as landholdings in areas related to the Ashikaga Shogunate, such as Nukata County, Mikawa Province, and Ashikaga Manor, Shimotsuke Province.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

鎌倉･室町時代の武家。進士とは，がんらい律令制の大学学生で，式部省が課した試験に合格したものをいう。のち称号となり，さらに氏となる。藤原南家真作流に清兼(進士大夫，中河進士と号す)などがみえる。鎌倉時代には《吾妻鏡》に御家人として進士基度･光政･隆邦などが現れる。室町期には，番帳類に進士氏一族の名がみえ，幕府の奉公衆であったことがわかる。広島大学文学部に〈進士文書〉が所蔵されており，これらによると南北朝･室町期の進士氏は，加賀国能美郡比楽村，越中国射水郡三田社，河内国伊香郷などの地頭職をはじめ，三河国額田郡や下野国足利荘など足利将軍家ゆかりの地に所領を有していたことがわかる。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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