A function expressed as y = a x , where a > 0 and a ≠ 1, is called the base of the exponential function. When x is a natural number such as 1, 2, or 3, a x is a power of a , that is, a multiplied by x times. a1 = a , a2 = a × a , (1) ax・ay = ax +y e =2.71828182845904523536……
e x is often written as exp x . Let us explain how to define exponential functions. In most analysis textbooks, after defining the exponential function as in the main text, the author first defines a logarithmic function as its inverse function, and then goes on to study their derivatives and integrals. However, starting from the definition of the exponent of rational numbers (where the existence of the m- th root for general positive numbers must be proven beforehand) and arriving at the definition of the exponent of real numbers requires considerable effort specific to real number theory, and rigorous proof is not easy. On the other hand, there are logarithmic functions, [Osamu Takenouchi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
a>0, a≠1として、y=axで表される関数で、aを指数関数の底(てい)という。xが1, 2, 3のような自然数のとき、axはaの累乗、すなわちaをx回掛け合わせたものである。 a1=a, a2=a×a, (1)ax・ay=ax+y e=2.71828182845904523536……
exはexpxと書くことも多い。指数関数の定義の仕方について述べておこう。解析教程の多くは、本文のように指数関数を定義したあとに、その逆関数として対数関数を定義して、それらの導関数や積分を調べていくことになっている。しかしながら、有理数の指数の定義(一般の正数についてm乗根の存在をあらかじめ証明しておかなければならない)から出発して実数の指数の定義にまで到達するのには、実数論特有の相当の手間がかかり、厳密な証明はやさしいものではない。一方、対数関数には、 [竹之内脩] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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