A lake in Teshikaga Town under the jurisdiction of the Kushiro Regional Development Bureau in eastern Hokkaido. It has an area of 19.6 square kilometers, a circumference of 24 kilometers, a maximum depth of 212 meters, an average depth of 137.5 meters, and an elevation of 351 meters above sea level. The Mashu volcano erupted a large amount of material on the southeastern wall of the Kussharo caldera, and then formed a caldera with a long axis of 7.5 kilometers and a short axis of 5.5 kilometers centered on the summit. Furthermore, the central cone Kamuinupuri (Mt. Mashu, 857 meters) erupted on the southeastern wall of the caldera, filling one-quarter of the caldera. Lake Mashu was formed when water accumulated in the depression. The lake shore is surrounded by cliffs, and near the center of the lake is Kamuishu Island, a lava dome made of pyroxene dacite. There are no rivers flowing in or out of the lake, but the water level hardly changes. A depth survey in 1931 (Showa 6) recorded a visibility of 41.6 meters, the highest in the world, but after the 1952 (Showa 27) Tokachi earthquake, it dropped to 39 meters, and in recent years it has fallen below 30 meters. The water is a deep indigo color, and the views from the first and third observation decks on the west side are beautiful, but there are many days when thick fog occurs, and there are not many opportunities to see the lake surface, Mt. Shari in the distance, the Atosanupuri volcanic group to the west, and Lake Kussharo in the distance. Akan Mashu National Park area. [Kenichi Shindo, May 21, 2018] [References] |The central crater cone, Kamuinupuri, filled up part of the caldera, and water pooled in the depression, forming a lake. It is known for its high transparency and frequent occurrence of fog. Kamuishu Island (Benten Island) is located near the center of the lake. Akan Mashu National Park. Teshikaga Town, Kawakami District, Hokkaido ©Fam. Kanagawa "> Lake Mashu Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
北海道東部、釧路(くしろ)総合振興局管内の弟子屈町(てしかがちょう)にある湖。面積19.6平方キロメートル、周囲24キロメートル、最深部212メートル、平均深度137.5メートル、湖面標高351メートル。屈斜路カルデラの南東壁上に摩周火山が多量の噴出物を出し、その後、頂上を中心に長径7.5キロメートル、短径5.5キロメートルのカルデラを形成した。さらにカルデラ南東壁に中央火口丘カムイヌプリ(摩周岳。857メートル)が噴出し、カルデラの4分の1を埋めた。その窪地(くぼち)に水がたまって形成されたのが摩周湖で、湖岸は絶壁を巡らし、湖の中央付近には輝石石英安山岩からなる溶岩円頂丘のカムイシュ島がある。流入、流出する河川はないのに水位の変化はほとんどみられない。1931年(昭和6)の水深調査では透明度41.6メートル、世界一を記録したが、1952年(昭和27)の十勝(とかち)沖地震後は39メートルに低下、近年は30メートルを下回っている。水色は濃藍(のうらん)色を示し、西側の第一、第三展望台からの眺望は美しいが、濃霧の発生日数が多く、湖面および遠く斜里岳、西方のアトサヌプリ火山群や屈斜路湖を遠望できる機会は多くない。阿寒(あかん)摩周国立公園域。 [進藤賢一 2018年5月21日] [参照項目] |中央火口丘カムイヌプリがカルデラの一部を埋め、その窪地に水がたまって形成された湖。透明度の高いことと霧の発生の多いことで知られる。湖の中央付近にはカムイシュ島(弁天島)がある。阿寒摩周国立公園域。北海道川上郡弟子屈町©Fam. Kanagawa"> 摩周湖 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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