Stabilization policies

Japanese: 安定化政策 - あんていかせいさく（英語表記）stabilization policies

Empirically, economic societies run primarily by market mechanisms have been subject to constant economic fluctuations (business cycles). These economic fluctuations often manifest themselves as repeated booms and busts, and are accompanied by economic problems such as inflation during good times and unemployment during bad times. Stabilization policy refers to policies taken by governments to smooth out such economic fluctuations. Before the 1930s, this type of thinking was not adopted, and economic fluctuations were thought to be inevitable, but since Keynes's General Theory (1936), stabilization policy has come to be considered to occupy an important position in economic policy.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

市場機構を中心に運営されている経済社会は，経験的にみて，たえず経済変動(景気変動)をくり返してきた。このような経済変動は，多くの場合好況と不況のくり返しとして表れ，好況時にインフレーション，不況時には失業という経済問題を伴ってきた。安定化政策とは，このような経済変動を平準化するために政府がとる政策を指す。1930年代以前には，この種の発想法がとられることはなく，いわば経済変動は不可避と考えられてきたが，ケインズの《一般理論》(1936)以来，安定化政策が経済政策のなかで重要な地位を占めると考えられるに至った。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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