Tomb of Prince Zhang Huai

The tomb of Li Xian (654-684) in Qian County, Shaanxi Province, China. Li Xian was the second son of the third Tang Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu Zetian. He became crown prince in 675, but was later deposed and committed suicide in Bazhong County, Sichuan Province in 684. He was 31 years old at the time. In 706, he was buried with Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu Zetian in the Qianling Mausoleum, and in 711 he was posthumously awarded the title of Prince Zhanghuai. The tomb has a square platform-shaped mound, and underground facilities include a tomb passage, a cave, a ceiling, a small niche, a passageway, an anterior chamber, and a posterior chamber, all connected from north to south. However, because Li Xian was buried with the rites of King Yong, who was posthumously awarded the title, the tomb is smaller in scale than those of Prince Yide and Princess Yongtai, and there is also a difference in the formality of the burial. The walls of the underground facility are decorated with colorful paintings of blue dragons, white tigers, departures, guards of honor, chamberlains, court ladies, the sun, the moon, and constellations, as well as pictures of horses, birds watching birds catch cicadas, and foreign envoys. The posterior chamber contains a hipped-roofed stone coffin, and two gravestones have been discovered inside the tomb. In addition, over 600 items, including tri-colored figurines and ceramics, were excavated from the small niche.

[Shozo Tanabe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、陝西(せんせい／シャンシー)省乾県(けんけん／チエンシエン)にある李賢(りけん)（654―684）の墓。李賢は唐3代皇帝高宗と則天武后の次子。675年に皇太子となったが、その後に廃され、684年に四川(しせん／スーチョワン)省巴中(はちゅう)県で自殺。ときに31歳であった。706年に高宗と則天武后の合葬墓である乾陵へ陪葬され、711年章懐太子を追贈された。墓は方形台状の墳丘を有し、地下には墓道、過洞、天井、小龕(しょうがん)、甬道(ようどう)、前室、後室を南北に連ねる施設をもつが、李賢は追封された雍王(ようおう)の礼をもって陪葬されたため、懿徳太子(いとくたいし)、永泰公主(えいたいこうしゅ)墓と比べて規模は小さく、墓葬の形式上にも差別がある。地下施設の壁面には、青竜図、白虎図、出行図、儀仗(ぎじょう)図、侍従、官女、日、月、星宿図のほか、馬球図、観鳥捕蝉(ほぜん)図、外国使節図などの彩色画が描かれていた。後室には寄棟(よせむね)式の石槨(せきかく)があり、墓内より2個の墓誌が発見されている。また、小龕内より三彩俑(さんさいよう)、陶磁器など600余点が出土した。

［田辺昭三］

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