A small, light vessel primarily used for patrol, surveillance, and security missions. Most range in size from around 10 tons to several hundred tons, with speeds of a dozen to 30 knots, but some vessels are over 1,000 tons. Except for extremely small vessels used for patrolling inside and outside harbors and rivers, most have excellent seaworthiness compared to their size. Generally, they are lightly armed with artillery and other weapons, but some larger vessels are equipped with anti-submarine weapons. The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force classified small vessels (18 tons, 20 knots) used for harbor defense as patrol vessels. Since the 1960s, high-speed vessels of 30 knots or faster have been produced, and hydrofoil vessels of 40-50 knots have also appeared. In a broad sense, patrol vessels refer to all patrol vessels, including anti-submarine vessels, torpedo boats, gunboats, missile boats, and various other patrol vessels. As of 2010, the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force classifies missile boats, while the U.S. Navy classifies patrol vessels as patrol vessels, high-speed patrol vessels, small high-speed patrol vessels, and special operations vessels for rivers. [Yasuo Abe] [References] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
おもに哨戒、監視、警備などの任務にあたる小型軽艦艇。10トン前後から数百トン、速力十数ノットから30ノットのものが大部分だが、1000トン以上の艦もある。港湾の内外、河川などの哨戒にあたるきわめて小型の艇を除き、船型に比して航洋性の優れたものが多い。一般に砲熕(ほうこう)兵器主体の軽兵装だが、大型艦には対潜兵装を備えたものがある。海上自衛隊は、港湾防備用の小艇(18トン、20ノット)を哨戒艇に類別していた。1960年代から30ノット級あるいはそれ以上の高速艇型がつくられ、40~50ノットの水中翼艇型も出現している。哨戒艇は広義には、対潜艦艇、魚雷艇、砲艇、ミサイル艇、各種哨戒艇などを含む哨戒艦艇patrol vessels全般を意味し、2010年時点で海上自衛隊はミサイル艇を、アメリカ海軍は哨戒艇、高速哨戒艇、高速小型哨戒艇、河川用特殊作戦艇などをそれぞれ哨戒艦艇に分類している。 [阿部安雄] [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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