Efforts to end the war in the final stages of the Pacific War. Civilian movements to end the war had been underway since 1942, but none of them succeeded in moving the government. However, as Japan's defeat became certain, peace efforts led by the Imperial Court group including Konoe Fumimaro intensified, and in February 1945 Konoe submitted the Konoe Memorial to the Emperor, proposing an early end to the war from the standpoint of "preserving the national polity." Following Germany's surrender in May, a meeting of members of the Supreme War Leadership Council considered peace efforts with the Soviet Union as an intermediary, and former Prime Minister Hirota Koki, commissioned by Foreign Minister Togo Shigenori, began talks with Soviet ambassador to Japan YA Malik (1906-80) on June 3. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
太平洋戦争末期の戦争終結工作。戦争終結をめざす民間人の動きは,1942年からあったが,いずれも政府を動かすにはいたらなかった。しかし日本の敗北が決定的となるにしたがい,近衛文麿らの宮中グループを中心とする和平工作活動が強まり,45年2月近衛は〈国体護持〉の立場から早期終戦を提案した近衛上奏文を天皇に提出した。5月のドイツ降伏を契機に,最高戦争指導会議構成員会議でソ連を仲介とする和平工作が検討され,東郷茂徳外相の委嘱をうけた広田弘毅元首相は,6月3日から駐日ソ連大使マリクY.A.Malik(1906‐80)との会談を開始した。
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