Ansei Protectorate

One of the Six Protectorates, border governing bodies of the Tang Dynasty in China. With its defensive forces known as the Four Districts of Anxi, it controlled the Kibi Governorates and prefectures established on the east and west of the Pamirs. It was established in the Turfan Basin in 640, and then advanced to Qiuci. It subsequently rose and fell repeatedly under the attack of nomadic forces such as the Tubo, but the Tang dynasty made its chief protector serve as a military governor as well, allowing it to continue in existence until the end of the 8th century. Along with the Beiting Protectorate, it represents the most developed form of Tang management of the Western Regions, and is of great historical significance.

[Shirasawa Jōshin]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、唐の辺境統治機関、六都護府の一つ。安西四鎮(しちん)とよばれる鎮守軍を擁し、パミール東西に設置した羈縻(きび)都督府・州を統轄した。640年トゥルファン盆地に設置され、続いて亀茲(きじ)に進出した。のち、吐蕃(とばん)などの遊牧勢力の攻勢下に存廃を繰り返したが、唐は長官の都護に節度使(せつどし)を兼ねさせ軍鎮としても充実を図り、8世紀末ごろまで存続させた。北庭(ほくてい)都護府とともに唐の西域経営のもっとも発展した形態を示し、歴史的意義は大きい。

［白須浄眞］

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