Potassium bromide

Japanese: 臭化カリウム - しゅうかかりうむ(英語表記)potassium bromide
Potassium bromide

A compound of potassium and bromine. It is commonly called potassium bromide, but this is incorrect. It is found in natural minerals, but industrially it is produced by reacting bromine with an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide.

3Br2 + 6KOH
-> 5KBr + KBrO3 + 3H2O
The by-product potassium bromate is separated by cooling and crystallization, but some of it remaining in the mother liquor is reduced with sulfur dioxide to become potassium bromide. Another method is to mix and react hydrogen bromide with potassium hydroxide. It is a white crystalline solid. It dissolves well in water and alcohol. Single crystals are transparent to infrared light from the visible range up to 25 micrometers, so they are often used as a prism for infrared spectroscopy and as a medium for tablets. It is also used as a raw material for the production of photographic silver bromide, as a developer, a chemical reagent, and as a nerve sedative.

[Torii Yasuo]

[Supplementary Material] | Potassium bromide (Data Note)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

カリウムと臭素の化合物。俗にブロムカリというが正しくない。天然の鉱物中にもみいだされるが、工業的には臭素を水酸化カリウム水溶液と反応させて製造する。

  3Br2+6KOH
   ―→5KBr+KBrO3+3H2O
副生する臭素酸カリウムの分離には、冷却して結晶化する方法がとられるが、一部母液に残留するものは、二酸化硫黄(いおう)で還元して臭化カリウムに変えられる。このほか、臭化水素と水酸化カリウムを混合、反応させる方法も用いられる。白色結晶性の固体。水によく溶け、アルコールにも溶ける。単結晶は可視部から波長25マイクロメートルまでの赤外線に対して透明なので、赤外線分光測定用のプリズムや錠剤の媒質として多用される。また、写真用臭化銀の製造原料、現像液、化学用試薬、神経鎮静剤に使用される。

[鳥居泰男]

[補完資料] | 臭化カリウム(データノート)

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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