Pierre Janet

Japanese: ジャネ - じゃね(英語表記)Pierre Janet
Pierre Janet

A leading French abnormal psychologist. Born in Paris, he studied at the École Normale Supérieure (Ecole Normale Supérieure). He held important positions such as head of the psychological laboratory at the Salpêtrière Hospital, professor at the Sorbonne (University of Paris), and professor at the Collège de France. His research on the split personality of hysteria is famous, and there are some similarities to Freud's psychoanalysis. He basically considers the personality (mind) to be a process of integration and differentiation, and believes that when the integrative power weakens, dissociation occurs, resulting in symptoms of neurosis and psychosis. His idea that dissociation occurs due to trauma had a major impact on psychiatry. His main works include Obsessions and Mental Weakness (1903), Mental States of Hysteria (1907, 1911), and The Psychological Development of Personality (1929).

[Daisaku Tonobayashi and Masamichi Kawabata]

"The Psychological Development of Personality, translated by Seki Kazuo (1955, Keio Tsushin)""Psychological Medicine, written by Pierre Janet, translated by Matsumoto Masahiko (1981, Misuzu Shobo)""The History of Dissociation, written by Pierre Janet, translated by Matsumoto Masahiko (2011, Misuzu Shobo)"

[References] | Abnormal Psychology | Hysteria

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランスの代表的な異常心理学者。パリに生まれ、高等師範学校(エコール・ノルマル・シュペリュール)で学ぶ。サルペトリエール病院の心理実験室長、ソルボンヌ大学(パリ大学)教授、コレージュ・ド・フランスの教授などの要職につく。ヒステリーの二重人格に関する研究は有名で、フロイトの精神分析と類似したところもある。基本的には人格(精神)を統合と分化の過程と考え、統合的な力が弱まると解離が生じ、神経症や精神病の症状をおこすと考える。トラウマによって解離がおこるという考え方は、精神医学に大きな影響を与えた。おもな著書に『強迫現象と精神衰弱』(1903)、『ヒステリーの精神状態』(1907、1911)、『人格の心理的発達』(1929)などがある。

[外林大作・川幡政道]

『関計夫訳『人格の心理的発達』(1955・慶応通信)』『ピエール・ジャネ著、松本雅彦訳『心理学的医学』(1981・みすず書房)』『ピエール・ジャネ著、松本雅彦訳『解離の病歴』(2011・みすず書房)』

[参照項目] | 異常心理学 | ヒステリー

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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