...This makes the distribution of released energy different from that of conventional explosives. Within 1×10 −6 seconds after a nuclear explosion, the superheated nuclear weapon remnants release a large amount of energy, mainly in the form of X-rays. In an air explosion, these X-rays are absorbed by the air within 1m of the explosion, and the extremely heated air and vaporized remnants form a glowing, spherical mass called a fireball. The fireball continues to expand rapidly while emitting radiation and heat rays, and gradually cools down. As it rises, it changes from a sphere to a doughnut shape due to air resistance, forming a mushroom cloud of radioactive material (Figure 5). ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "fireball (nuclear weapon)" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…このことが放出エネルギーの配分を通常爆薬と異質なものにしている。核爆発後1×10-6秒以内に,超高温となった核兵器残滓は主としてX線の形で大量のエネルギーを放出するが,空中爆発ではこのX線は1m内外の空気に吸収され,極度に高温となった空気と気化した残滓が火の玉もしくは火球fireballと呼ばれる光り輝く球状の塊を形成する。火の玉は放射線と熱線を放出しつつ,急速に膨張を続けるとともに,しだいに冷却され,上昇によって空気の抵抗を受け球形からドーナツ形に変化し,放射能雲のきのこ雲mushroom cloudを形成する(図5)。… ※「火球(核兵器)」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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