It is meat with fine fats in a marbled pattern between the tissues. It is also the name of a cooking method in which chicken or fish is boiled for a short time. Both names are derived from the fact that the meat has fine white spots like frost on a field. Marbled meat is found in the tails of fattened cattle and whales. In beef, the technical term is "sashi", and the appearance of such meat through fattening is said to be "sashiga iri". To make marbled meat, the animal is fed plenty of starchy foods such as grains to add fat, and is massaged well to allow the fat to penetrate between the meat. Fat does not easily transmit heat, so if the meat has fat between the meat, the temperature does not rise rapidly when it is heated. Therefore, the protein fibers of the meat do not shrink strongly, and it is soft to the mouth. It is used as a high-quality meat for sukiyaki and other dishes. The cooking method of marbled meat refers to raw meat with a light taste, such as chicken breast or white fish, which is quickly poured over with boiling water or grilled. The raw parts and the parts that have turned white due to protein denaturation caused by the heat are mixed together to create a marbled texture. The method that uses hot water is called yushimo, yubiki, or yuburi, and the grilled method is called yakishimo. [Tomomi Kono] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
組織の間に大理石模様状に細かく脂肪の入り込んだ肉のこと。また、鶏肉や魚の類を、さっと湯通しするなど短時間加熱する料理法の名称。いずれも、畑に霜が降りたときのように白い斑点(はんてん)が細かく入っているところからきたものである。霜降り状の肉は、肥育したウシや、クジラの尾の部分にある。牛肉では、専門用語として「さし」とよばれ、肥育などにより、こういった肉の部分ができることを「さしが入る」という。霜降り肉にするためには、穀類などデンプン性のものを十分食べさせて脂肪をつけるとともに、よくマッサージなどをして、肉の間に脂肪を入り込ませる。脂肪は熱を通しにくいため、霜降り状に肉の間に脂肪が入っていると、加熱した際、急速に温度上昇がおこらない。そのため、肉のタンパク質繊維が強く縮まず、口あたりが柔らかい。すき焼きなどに高級肉として用いられる。 料理法の霜降りは、鶏のささみや白身の魚など淡泊な味の生身に、さっと熱湯を注ぎかけたり焼いたりしたものをいう。生(なま)のところと、熱のためにタンパク質変性がおこり白くなったところが混ざり、霜降り状となる。湯を用いる方法を湯霜または湯引き、湯ぶりといい、焼く方法を焼き霜という。 [河野友美] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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