Celebrity - Myojo

A poetry magazine published by Shinshisha, a publishing company run by Tekkan Yosano. It was first published in April 1900 (Meiji 33), and ceased publication in November 1905.

The first edition of Myojo was the core of the Romanticism movement in Japan, which was made up of talented people from the Shinshisha, and it ushered in a new era of poetry. Its contents included poetry, critiques, studies of the classics, and introductions to foreign literature, and it played a major role, especially in the era of Romantic poetry to Symbolism, while showing distinctive features in terms of binding and illustrations. Tekkan had been an early advocate of reforming waka poetry, and Yosano Akiko's activities in the tanka column of this magazine made a great contribution to establishing the style of poetry of the Myojo school, giving tanka a modern feel and giving it dominance in the poetry world of the time. It also revealed tendencies toward romanticism, art supremacy, and aestheticism, and became a stronghold of romanticism, succeeding the Bungakukai of Kitamura Tokoku, Shimazaki Toson, and others. The introduction and practice of symbolic poetry by such poets as Ueda Bin and Kambara Ariake was also significant, and Yamakawa Tomiko, Yamamoto Royo, Mizuno Yoshu, Soma Gyofu, Maeda Ringai, Hiraide Osamu, Susukida Kyukin, Osanai Kaoru, Ishikawa Takuboku, Kitahara Hakushu, Yoshii Isamu, and Kinoshita Mokutaro were also active in the magazine, which also contributed to the production of Chinese poets who widely criticized literature and art. Tekkan's "Murasaki" and Akiko's "Midaregami" were both works that originated from this magazine. There is a reprint edition (1964, Rinkawa Shoten). A second series (November 1921 - April 1927) and a third series (May 1947 - October 1949) were also published.

[Kiyohiko Furukawa]

"Complete Collection of Meiji Literature 51: Yosano Tekkan and Yosano Akiko Collection" (1968, Chikuma Shobo)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

与謝野鉄幹(よさのてっかん)の主宰した新詩社の詩歌雑誌。第一次は1900年（明治33）4月創刊、8年11月廃刊。

　第一次『明星』は新詩社に集まった人材によるわが国の浪漫(ろうまん)主義運動の中核として新しい詩歌の時代を展開した。その内容は詩や評論、古典の研究、海外文学の紹介などで、装丁や挿絵などの点でも特色を示しながらとくに浪漫詩から象徴詩の時代にかけて大きな役割を果たした。鉄幹は早く和歌革新を叫んでいたが、本誌の短歌欄における与謝野晶子(あきこ)の活躍は明星派の歌風を築くうえに大きな功績を示し、短歌に近代性を与えて、当時の歌壇で主導権を得た。さらに浪漫主義、芸術至上主義、唯美主義の傾向を明らかにして、北村透谷(とうこく)、島崎藤村(とうそん)らの『文学界』を継承する浪漫主義の牙城(がじょう)となった。上田敏(びん)、蒲原有明(かんばらありあけ)らによる象徴詩の紹介と実践も意義深く、山川登美子(とみこ)、山本露葉(ろよう)、水野葉舟(ようしゅう)、相馬御風(そうまぎょふう)、前田林外(りんがい)、平出修(ひらいでしゅう)、薄田泣菫(すすきだきゅうきん)、小山内薫(おさないかおる)、石川啄木(たくぼく)、北原白秋(はくしゅう)、吉井勇(いさむ)、木下杢太郎(もくたろう)らも活躍し、広く文学美術評論の詞華人を輩出したことにも功績があった。なお鉄幹の『紫』、晶子の『みだれ髪』は本誌を母胎とする著作である。復刻版（1964・臨川書店）がある。なお第二次（1921.11～27.4）、第三次（1947.5～49.10）も出されている。

［古川清彦］

『『明治文学全集51　与謝野鉄幹・与謝野晶子集』（1968・筑摩書房）』

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