Siping - Shihei

Japanese: 四平 - しへい
Siping - Shihei

A prefecture-level city in the southwestern corner of Jilin Province, China. It is located on a vast plain where the Dongliao River makes a large bend to the south. It has jurisdiction over two city districts, one county, and one autonomous county, and acts as the deputy governor for two county-level cities, Gongzhuling and Shuangliao (as of 2016). Its permanent population is 3,386,325 (2010). At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Russia built the southern branch of the Chinese Eastern Railway, and after the Battle of Mukden in the Russo-Japanese War, the Russian army retreated here and fought its final battle. Immediately after that, Sipingjie Town Station was opened with the help of Japan. The city's name comes from Sipingjie Town (now Lao Siping), 10 kilometers to the west. It began to develop around 1910, and orderly urban planning progressed. Sipingjie City was established in 1937, and became Siping City in 1941.

The Jingha Line, Pingqi Line (Siping-Qiqihar), Simei Line (Siping-Meihekou), and Harbin Line (Harbin-Dalian) intersect here. It is a distribution center for nearby agricultural products such as corn, soybeans, sorghum, foxtail millet, wheat, rice, and sugar beets, as well as iron, coal, and limestone. The steel, energy, chemical, and military industries have developed, making it an industrial city centered on machine manufacturing.

[Tatsuro Asai, Editorial Department, July 19, 2017]

[Reference items] | Jilin (province) | Jingha Line | Gongzhuling | Shuangliao

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中国、吉林(きつりん)省南西端にある地級市。東遼河(とうりょうが)が大きく南へ曲がる地帯の広大な平原に位置する。2市轄区、1県、1自治県を管轄し、公主嶺(こうしゅれい)、双遼(そうりょう)の2県級市の管轄代行を行う(2016年時点)。常住人口338万6325(2010)。清(しん)末、ロシアが東清鉄道南部支線を敷設し、日露戦争の奉天会戦のあと、ロシア軍はここに撤退し、最後の会戦を行った。その直後日本の力で四平街鎮駅が開設された。市名は西方10キロメートルの四平街鎮(現、老四平)にちなむ。1910年ごろから発展し始め、整然たる都市計画が進み、1937年四平街市が設けられ、1941年に四平市となった。

 京哈(けいは)線、平斉(へいせい)線(四平―チチハル)、四梅線(四平―梅河口(ばいかこう))、哈大線(ハルビン―大連(だいれん))が交差する。トウモロコシ、大豆、コウリャン、アワ、小麦、米、サトウダイコンなど付近の農作物や鉄、石炭、石灰石の集散地である。鉄鋼、エネルギー、化学、軍需工業が発達し、とりわけ機械製造を中心とする工業都市となっている。

[浅井辰郎・編集部 2017年7月19日]

[参照項目] | 吉林(省) | 京哈線 | 公主嶺 | 双遼

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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