Shiba clan

Shugo Daimyo (shugo daimyo) of the Ashikaga clan. Seiwa Genji (Seiwa Genji). The main line is the Kanrei family of the Muromachi Shogunate. It is also called the Owari family or the Buei family. It began in the mid-Kamakura period when Ieuji, the eldest son of Ashikaga Yasuuji, ruled Shiba (Shiwa, Shiwa) County, Mutsu Province (Shiwa County, Iwate Prefecture). Ieuji's great-grandson Takatsune followed Ashikaga Takauji and became the guardian of Echizen, and his son Yoshimasa, who became the Shogunate steward under Shogun Yoshiakira, but was overthrown. Yoshimasa eventually assisted Yoshimitsu and Yoshimochi, becoming Kanrei three times and playing an important role in the shogunate, and together with his son Yoshinori (originally Yoshishige), he established the foundation for the Shiba clan to inherit the title of Shugo of the three provinces of Echizen, Owari, and Totomi. Later, Yoshitake had no heir, and Yoshitoshi, a member of the same clan, and Yoshikado, who came from the Shibukawa clan, fought over the family headship, which was one of the causes of the Onin War (1467-77). During the war, Echizen was taken by the Asakura clan, a senior vassal, and in the Sengoku period, Totomi was taken by the Imagawa clan. The Shiba clan was finally able to maintain its name with the support of the Oda clan, the deputy governor of Owari, but Yoshikane, who was in Kiyosu Castle in Owari (Kiyosu City, Aichi Prefecture), was driven out by Oda Nobunaga in 1561 (Eiroku 4). Takatsune's younger brother Iekane was the ancestor of the Osaki clan, the Oshu tandai, and Iekane's son Kaneyori was the ancestor of the Mogami clan, the Ushu tandai, and both of these clans became daimyo in the Oshu region during the Sengoku period.

[Makoto Ogawa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

足利(あしかが)一門の守護大名(しゅごだいみょう)。清和源氏(せいわげんじ)。嫡流は室町幕府の管領(かんれい)家。尾張(おわり)家、武衛(ぶえい)家ともいう。鎌倉中期に足利泰氏(やすうじ)の長男家氏(いえうじ)が陸奥国(むつのくに)斯波（志波、紫波）郡（岩手県紫波(しわ)郡）を領したのに始まる。家氏の曽孫(そうそん)高経(たかつね)は足利尊氏(たかうじ)に従い越前(えちぜん)守護などとなり、将軍義詮(よしあきら)のもとで幕府執事(しつじ)となった子息の義将(よしまさ)を後見したが失脚。義将はやがて義満(よしみつ)、義持(よしもち)を助け三度管領となって幕府に重きをなし、子義教(よしのり)（初め義重(よししげ)）とともに斯波氏が越前、尾張、遠江(とおとうみ)三国守護を世襲する基を開いた。のち義健(よしたけ)に嗣子(しし)がなく、一族の義敏(よしとし)と渋川(しぶかわ)氏から入った義廉(よしかど)とが家督を争い、応仁(おうにん)の乱（1467～77）の一因となった。乱中、越前を重臣朝倉(あさくら)氏に奪われ、戦国時代には遠江を今川(いまがわ)氏に奪われ、斯波氏は尾張守護代織田(おだ)氏に擁せられてようやく家名を保ったが、尾張清洲(きよす)城（愛知県清須(きよす)市）にいた義銀(よしかね)が1561年（永禄4）織田信長に逐(お)われて滅びた。なお、高経の弟家兼(いえかね)は奥州探題大崎(おおさき)氏の祖、家兼の子兼頼(かねより)は羽州探題最上(もがみ)氏の祖であり、この両氏は奥羽の戦国大名となった。

［小川　信］

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