The Fall of the Seven Lords

In 1863 (Bunkyu 3), Sanjo Sanetomi and seven other Sonnō-jō (revere the expulsion of foreigners) nobles fled to the Choshu domain. The radical Sonnō-jō nobles allied with the Choshu domain and other Sonnō-jō patriots to forcibly expel foreigners and to regain imperial power, but they were overthrown and driven out of Kyoto in the August 18th Coup by the Aizu and Satsuma domains that united the Imperial Court and the Shogunate. That same day, Sanjo Sanetomi, Sanjo Nishisue Tomo, Higashikuze Michitomi, Mibu Motonaga, Shijo Takauta, Sawa Nobuyoshi, Nishikinokoji Yorinori and six other nobles were given a ban on visiting the Imperial Palace, traveling abroad or meeting with others. After planning a follow-up plan with Kusaka Genzui, Maki Izumi and other senior officials of the Choshu clan, the seven nobles decided to temporarily flee to the Choshu clan and make a comeback. They left Kyoto on the 19th, boarded a ship from Hyogo on the 21st and entered Shokenkaku in Mitajiri, Suo on the 27th. In 1664 (Genji 1), when the Kinmon Incident occurred, plans were made for the nobles to go to Kyoto, but this was cancelled due to the defeat of the Choshu clan, and in the following year (Keio 1), due to changes in the situation within the Choshu clan, the five nobles of Sanjo, Sanjo-nishi, Higashikuze, Shijo and Mibu moved to Dazaifu in Kyushu, where they stayed until the restoration of the monarchy. During this time, Nishiki-no-koji died of an illness, and Sawa participated in the Ikuno Incident and was defeated and fled.

[Masaru Sasaki]

“Reprint edition of Revised Bocho Kaitenshi by Kensumi Suematsu (1980, Kashiwa Shobo)”

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

1863年（文久3）三条実美(さんじょうさねとみ)ら7人の尊攘(そんじょう)派公卿(くぎょう)が長州藩に落ち逃れた事件。尊攘急進派の公卿は長州藩はじめ尊攘志士と提携して、攘夷(じょうい)強行、朝権奪回の運動を進めていたが、会津、薩摩(さつま)両藩ら公武合体派による八月十八日の政変により失脚し京都を追われた。すなわち同日三条実美、三条西季知(さんじょうにしすえとも)、東久世通禧(ひがしくぜみちとみ)、壬生基修(みぶもとなが)、四条隆謌(しじょうたかうた)、沢宣嘉(のぶよし)、錦小路頼徳(にしきのこうじよりのり)ほか6名の公卿が、参内、他行、他人面会の禁の朝譴(ちょうけん)を受けた。そこで久坂玄瑞(くさかげんずい)、真木和泉(まきいずみ)、長州藩重役らと事後策を練ったすえ、上記7人の公卿は一時長州藩に逃れ再起を図ることに決し、翌19日京を脱出、21日兵庫より乗船、27日周防(すおう)三田尻(みたじり)の招賢閣に入った。64年（元治1）禁門(きんもん)の変に際し、諸卿の上洛(じょうらく)が計画されたが、長州藩が敗北したため中止となり、長州藩内事情の変転もあって翌65年（慶応1）三条、三条西、東久世、四条、壬生の五卿は九州大宰府(だざいふ)に移り、王政復古まで滞在した。なおこの間、錦小路は病死し、沢は生野(いくの)の変に参加し敗走している。

［佐々木克］

『末松謙澄著『修訂　防長回天史』復刻版（1980・柏書房）』

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