rock

Japanese: ロック
rock
A popular music genre that was born in the United States after World War II and spread worldwide. It originated from music called "rock and roll" or "rock'n'roll" for short, and developed through repeated contact with other genres, producing a wide variety of styles. It is said to have started when white people performed rhythm and blues, a type of black music, and it owes many of its basic musical elements, from the beat to the singing style and guitar playing style. Rock and roll, as represented by Elvis Presley, was perceived as anti-establishment at the time, but was gradually incorporated into the framework of the existing music industry. Meanwhile, the Beatles came out of the UK and established themselves as an eclectic and experimental music with a wider social influence, and has continued to diversify ever since. The term "rock" became common in the late 1960s, and rock developed at its most powerful in the early 1970s, and was called hard rock (later heavy metal) and progressive rock depending on its orientation. On the other hand, the punk movement arose in the mid-1970s as a return to the roots of rock, a genre that had come to dominate popular music, but it did not last long. From the end of the 1970s, there was a search for an even newer form of rock known as "new wave," as well as the rise of electronic pop. The idea of ​​world music, which regards all musics from around the world as equivalent, also became widespread, and today the word rock has come to describe a wide variety of music, the boundaries of which are difficult to discern.
→ Related topics Walker | Woodstock Festival | Guy | Kraftwerk | Choi Jian | Southern All Stars | The Band | Jungle (music) | Zouk | Dylan | Tex-Mex | New Wave | New Age music | Blues | Belly | Rye | Lee | Lingala | Reggae | Rockabilly

rock

A representative British empiricist philosopher and political thinker. He studied at Oxford University and was influenced by Descartes and Gassendi at a young age. He was under the protection of the 1st Earl of Shaftesbury and worked with him. He went into exile in the Netherlands in 1683, and returned to the UK in 1689 after the success of the Glorious Revolution, spending the rest of his life writing in Essex. Philosophically, he was an innovator in epistemology, seeking the origin of knowledge in experience, denying the idea of ​​material things, and arguing that knowledge is nothing other than the perception of the agreement or inconsistency of ideas gained from sensation and reflection. Religiously, he advocated tolerance based on human intelligence, and provided the basis for the establishment of religious freedom in a political sense. In political thought, he opposed the divine right of kings and adopted the social contract theory, arguing that the highest power resides in the people and that politics must be conducted with the consent of the people, which influenced the American Revolution and the French Revolution. In this respect, he is considered to be the founder of the political principles of modern democracy. His books include "An Essay on the Human Understanding" (1682), "Two Treatises of Government" (1690), "Letter on Toleration" (1689), and "The Rationality of Christianity" (1695).
→ Related topics Astell | American Declaration of Independence | Sensationalism | Separation of powers | Political science | Right of resistance | Berkeley | Hume

rock

A giant legendary bird that appears in the Tales of the Thousand and One Nights. It is said to be of the same family as the phoenix Sinulk in Persian mythology. → Aepyornis → Related article Sinbad

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
第2次大戦後米国で生まれ,世界的に広まった大衆音楽。〈ロック・アンド・ロールrock and roll〉あるいは短縮して〈ロックンロールrock'n'roll〉と呼ばれた音楽に由来し,他ジャンルとの接触を繰り返し多種多様なスタイルを生みながら発展した。黒人音楽であるリズム・アンド・ブルースを白人が演奏したことが始まりとされ,ビートや歌唱法,ギター演奏のスタイルまで,その基本となる音楽的要素の多くを負っている。プレスリーに代表されるロックンロールは当時反体制的なものと受けとめられたが,次第に既成の音楽産業の枠組みのなかにとりこまれた。一方で英国からビートルズが出て,社会的にもより広い影響力を持つ,折衷的で実験的な音楽として定着,以後多様化の一途をたどった。〈ロック〉という呼称が一般化したのも1960年代の後半からであり,1970年代前半にかけてロックはもっとも力づよく展開,その指向性によりハード・ロック(のちヘビーメタル),プログレッシブ・ロックなどと呼ばれた。一方大衆音楽の主流を占めるにまでなったロックの原点回帰運動としてパンク・ムーブメントが1970年代半ばに起きたが長続きせず,1970年代の末からは〈ニュー・ウェーブ〉と呼ばれるさらに新しいロックの模索や,エレクトロニック・ポップの隆盛があり,また世界の音楽を等価のものとして捉えるワールド・ミュージックの考え方が広まるなど,ロックという言葉は今日,境界の見えにくい多種多様な音楽の総体を表すに至っている。
→関連項目ウォーカー|ウッドストック・フェスティバル|ガイ|クラフトワーク|崔健|サザンオールスターズ|ザ・バンド|ジャングル(音楽)|ズーク|ディラン|テックス・メックス|ニュー・ウェーブ|ニュー・エイジ・ミュージック|ブルース|ベリー|ライ|リー|リンガラ|レゲエ|ロカビリー

ロック

イギリス経験論の代表的哲学者,政治思想家。オックスフォード大学に学び,若くしてデカルト,ガッサンディの影響を受けた。初代シャフツベリー伯の庇護を受け,行動をともにする。1683年からオランダに亡命,1689年名誉革命の成功によって帰国,余生をエセックスでの著述に送った。哲学的には認識論の革新者で,認識の起源を経験に求め,生具観念を否定して,感覚と反省から得られた観念の一致あるいは不一致の知覚が認識にほかならぬとした。宗教的には人間の知性に基礎を置いた寛容論で,政治的な意味での信教の自由の確立の基礎づけを行った。政治思想では王権神授説に反対して社会契約説をとり,最高権力は人民にあり,政治は人民の同意のもとに行われねばならぬと主張し,アメリカ独立革命,フランス革命に影響を与えた。この点で,近代民主主義の政治原理の確立者とされる。著書《人間知性論》(1682年),《統治二論》(1690年),《寛容書簡》(1689年),《キリスト教の合理性》(1695年)など。
→関連項目アステル|アメリカ独立宣言|感覚論|権力分立|政治学|抵抗権|バークリー|ヒューム

ロック

《千夜一夜物語》に出てくる伝説上の巨大な鳥。ペルシア神話の不死鳥シヌルクと同系といわれる。→エピオルニス
→関連項目シンドバッド

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