Sardis was the capital of the Lydian Kingdom, located about 86 km east of Izmir (ancient name Smyrna), a city on the west coast of Turkey facing the Aegean Sea. It was the political and economic center of Asia Minor in the 7th to 6th centuries BC. Sardis was destroyed by the invasion of the Achaemenid Empire of Persia in 546 BC, and was captured by Alexander in 334 BC. It was incorporated into the Kingdom of Pergamum in 180 to 130 BC. From 1910 to 1914, American H.C. Butler investigated the Temple of Artemis and over 1,000 tombs from the kingdom period, and since 1958, American G.M.A. Hanfman has excavated a synagogue (Jewish chapel), gymnasium (gymnasium), and stadium (stadium) from the first half of the 3rd century, as well as the remains of buildings believed to belong to a priesthood from around 554 BC in the southwest of these, as well as the remains of Roman-period general housing and baths. [Yoshihiro Omura] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
トルコ西岸、エーゲ海に面した町イズミル(古代名スミルナ)の東約86キロメートルにあった、リディア王国の都。紀元前7~前6世紀には小アジアにおける政治的、経済的中心地であった。サルディスは前546年アケメネス朝ペルシアの侵略で崩壊、前334年アレクサンドロスの攻略を受けている。前180~前130年にはペルガモン王国に編入された。1910~14年にアメリカのH・C・バトラーが、アルテミス神殿、1000を超す王国時代の墳墓を調査し、58年以降アメリカのG・M・A・ハンフマンが、3世紀前半のシナゴーグ(ユダヤ教の礼拝堂)、ギムナジウム(体育館)、スタジアム(競技場)、そしてそれらの南西部で前554年ごろの神官団のものと推測される建築址(し)、ローマ時代の一般住居址群、浴場址などを発掘している。 [大村幸弘] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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