Circle exercise - Circle exercise

Japanese: サークル運動 - サークルうんどう
Circle exercise - Circle exercise
Cultural activities undertaken voluntarily by friends in the workplace, local area, school, etc. The word "circle" was first used to refer to a small group responsible for cultural activities in June 1931, when Kurahara Tadato introduced it in the All-Japan Proletarian Art League's (NAP) journal, NAPS, following the Soviet example of terminology. Later, when the League of Proletarian Artists was founded, the word "circle" came to mean a small unit of the cultural movement to create revolutionary ideas among the Japanese masses, and the KOP leadership emphasized the superiority of politics over culture, and advocated organizing circles in factories and rural areas and actively participating in political issues.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
職場,地域,学校などの仲間が自発的にする文化活動。〈サークルcircle〉という言葉が,文化活動を担う小集団を指して使われたのは,1931年6月に蔵原惟人がソビエトの用語例にならって,全日本無産者芸術連盟(ナップ)の機関誌《ナップ》で紹介したのが最初といわれる。その後コップが創設されて,〈サークル〉とは,革命思想を日本の大衆の中につくりだしていくための文化運動の小単位という意味で用いられ,コップ指導部は文化に対する政治の優位性を強調して,工場や農村にサークルを組織し,政治的課題に積極的に参加することを提唱した。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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