Hand-reeling

Japanese: 座繰 - ざぐり（英語表記）hand-reeling

A method in which the reeler reels silk while sitting on a chair. This is the most primitive method of raw silk manufacturing currently in use. Hand-cranked and foot-operated machines are used. As a result, top-quality cocoons are generally not used as raw material, and the quality of the raw silk is inferior. Since there are not many parcels, low-quality thick silk for domestic use is mainly produced. Zaguri is a silk-reeling technique that evolved from do-reeling, which was carried out in Oshu, and te-biki, which was carried out from Kanto to Kansai. It developed rapidly with the extraordinary growth of raw silk trade following the Ansei opening of ports at the end of the Edo period, and until 1895 it developed more rapidly than mechanized silk-reeling, but after that it became more of an outsourcing industry for mechanized silk-reeling.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

繰糸者が椅子にすわって繰糸を行う方法。生糸の製造技術として，現在行われている最も原始的なもの。手回し式から足踏み式の機具が用いられる。そのため原料も一般に上繭を用いず，生糸の品質は劣る。荷口も多量にそろわないので，もっぱら国内用下級太糸がつくられている。座繰は奥州で行われた胴繰，あるいは関東から関西にかけて行われた手引から発展した製糸技術で，江戸時代末期の安政開港による生糸貿易の異常な発展により急速に発達し，1895年までは機械製糸をしのぐ発展を示したが，その後は機械製糸の外業部的な存在として行われるようになった。

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