Saga dolls

Japanese: 嵯峨人形 - さがにんぎょう
Saga dolls

These are gorgeous, artistic dolls, finished with carved wood and painted in vibrant colors using gold, silver and whitewash. One theory is that the name comes from the fact that in the early Edo period, merchant Suminokura Ryoi retired to Saga, on the western outskirts of Kyoto, in his later years, where he loved this type of doll and encouraged its production. The vibrant coloring of woodcarvings can be seen in the techniques of Buddhist sculptors, and it is said that these sculptors switched to making dolls, which were popular in the Edo period, or that it arose as a side skill. However, the name Saga dolls seems to have been coined by hobbyists in the Meiji period, who associated it with Sagahon, which is printed with mica, and Saga Nishiki, which is woven using gold thread. Most of the dolls are small, about 10cm to 15 or 16cm, and many are Hotei, Daikoku, Ebisu, Karako (Chinese-style children), etc. This technique was transmitted from Kyoto to Edo, and new dolls with modern customs such as tanzen costumes, young men, slaves, and beautiful women were produced. As they had a different feel from those made in Kyoto, the name Edo Saga was born. The style declined at the end of the Edo period, and today they are no longer made in either Kyoto or Tokyo.

[Ryosuke Saito]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

木彫りの人形に、金銀や胡粉(ごふん)絵の具を極彩色に盛り上げるように塗って仕上げた、華麗な感じの工芸的人形。一説には、江戸時代初期、貿易商角倉了以(すみのくらりょうい)が晩年京都の西郊嵯峨に隠棲(いんせい)し、この種の人形を愛好して製作を奨励したところから名づけられたという。木彫りに極彩色の様式は、仏像彫刻の仏師の技法にみられ、仏師たちが、江戸時代に入って流行期を迎えた人形の製作に移職、あるいはその余技から生まれたともいう。しかし嵯峨人形の名は、明治期に当時の趣味家が、雲母摺(きらず)りの嵯峨本や金糸などを用いて織った佐賀錦(にしき)などから連想して命名したものらしい。人形の多くは小柄で約10センチメートルから15、16センチメートル、布袋(ほてい)、大黒(だいこく)、恵比須(えびす)、唐子(からこ)(中国風の児童)などが多い。この技法は京都から江戸に伝わり、新たに丹前(たんぜん)姿、若衆、奴(やっこ)、美人など今様(いまよう)風俗物が製作された。京都製とは別な趣があったので江戸嵯峨の名が生まれた。幕末に衰退し、現在は京都、東京ともにつくられていない。

[斎藤良輔]

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