Gnosticism - Gnosticism

Japanese: グノーシス主義 - グノーシスしゅぎ

A religious and ideological movement that arose in the Mediterranean world in the 1st to 3rd centuries AD. Gnosticism (from the Greek word meaning "knowledge"). Although there are Christian Gnostics, it is widely believed that they are not a heresy within Christianity or a product of Hellenistic syncretism, as has been misunderstood in the past, but rather a movement unique to Christianity. Many Gnostic texts have been found in the Nag Hammadi and Hermetic texts, and are distributed in Egypt, Syria-Palestine, and Asia Minor. They have a unique theory of theism, creationism, and salvation based on a cosmic dualism, and are characterized by the rejection of the astral world and the return to God through the acquisition of "gnosis," which is considered to be the soul's original sanctity. Valentinus, Simon Magus, Marcion, and Basilides are well-known proponents, and Mandaea and Manichaeism are considered to be sects.
→ Related topics Mysticism | Emanation theory

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

後１世紀から３世紀に地中海世界に興った宗教思想運動。英語でGnosticism（〈知識〉を意味するギリシア語に由来）。キリスト教グノーシス派も存在するものの，従来誤解されてきたようにキリスト教内部の異端あるいはヘレニズム的シンクレティズムの所産ではなく，固有の運動と考えるのが有力。ナグ・ハマディ文書，ヘルメス文書の内には多くのグノーシス文献が見いだされ，エジプト，シリア・パレスティナ，小アジアに分布する。独自の宇宙的二元論にもとづく神論，創造論，救済論をもち，星辰界の拒否と本来聖なるものとされる魂の〈グノーシス〉の獲得による神への還帰を説くのが特徴。ウァレンティヌス，シモン・マグス，マルキオン，バシレイデスらの論者が知られ，マンダ教，マニ教は分派と見られる。
→関連項目神秘主義｜流出説

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