Simon Commission

Japanese: サイモン委員会 - さいもんいいんかい
Simon Commission

The nickname of the Indian Statutory Committee headed by John Simon. The Government of India Act (also called the 1919 Act), which the British enacted in India in 1919 immediately after World War I, did not satisfy the Indian people who cooperated in the war in exchange for the promise of postwar autonomy, but instead sparked an anti-British mass movement led by the Indian National Congress. In 1927, the Simon Committee, consisting of seven British members and chaired by Lord Simon, was established to visit various parts of India to correct the "defects" of the 1919 Act and to hear the opinions of Indians from all walks of life. A major feature of the committee for administrative reform in India was that it was composed entirely of British people, which added fuel to the flames of anti-British sentiment in Indian public opinion. The committee submitted a report to the British government in 1930, proposing a certain degree of state autonomy and the introduction of a federal system, but while the British continued to respond with policy measures such as convening roundtable conferences, the Indian side proposed a popular boycott and rejection of the committee.

[Heiji Nakamura]

[References] | British India Roundtable

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ジョン・サイモンJohn Simonを長とするインド法定委員会の通称。第一次世界大戦直後の1919年にイギリスがインドに施行したインド統治法(「1919年法」ともよばれる)は、戦後自治を約束されて戦争協力を行ったインド民衆を満足させず、逆にインド国民会議派を先頭とする反英大衆運動を激発させた。27年、サイモン卿(きょう)を委員長としてイギリス人7名からなるサイモン委員会が発足し、1919年の統治法の「欠陥」を補正し、インド人各層の意見を聞くためにインド各地を訪問することになった。インドの行政改革のための委員会がすべてイギリス人によって構成されているところに大きな特徴があり、この点がインド側世論の反英感情の炎に油を注ぐことになった。同委員会は30年に報告書をイギリス政府に提出し、一定の州自治と連邦制の導入を提案していたが、イギリス側は円卓会議の招集など政策的な対応を続けたのに対し、インド側は同委員会の大衆的な排斥、ボイコットを提起した。

[中村平治]

[参照項目] | イギリス・インド円卓会議

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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