Edo clan

(1) A samurai family of Musashi Province descended from the Chichibu clan of the Kanmu Heishi clan. They were based in Edo (central Tokyo) in Toshima County, and during the reign of Shigetsugu, they called themselves the Edo clan. His son, Shigenaga, followed Minamoto no Yoritomo, and thereafter became a retainer of the Kamakura Shogunate. After the Shogunate fell, they belonged to Ashikaga Takauji, and during the Muromachi period, they served the Uesugi clan of Ogigayatsu, and moved from Edo to Kitami, Tama County (Kitami, Setagaya Ward, Tokyo). During the Sengoku period, they served the Kira clan of Setagaya, and later belonged to the Hojo clan of Odawara. After the Hojo clan fell, they served the Tokugawa clan, and changed their name to Kitami. In 1681 (Tenwa 1), he was granted 10,000 koku in Kitami and became a feudal lord, but was stripped of his title and the domain was abolished eight years later.

(2) A samurai family of Hitachi Province (Ibaraki Prefecture) descended from the Naka clan, a descendant of Fujiwara no Hidesato. During the Nanboku-cho period, Naka Michiyasu belonged to Ashikaga Takauji and was given Edo-go in Naka County (Naka City, Ibaraki Prefecture), and his son Michitaka took the name of Edo. In the early Muromachi period, after the Uesugi Zenshu Rebellion (1416), Michifusa pursued the Daijo clan and entered Mito Castle, and thereafter expanded his influence north and south from here. During the Sengoku period, they had power comparable to that of the Satake clan, the military governors, but in 1590 (Tensho 18), they were chased by the Satake clan and sought refuge with the Yuki clan, serving Yuki Hideyasu and moving to Fukui in Echizen and changing their name to the Mito clan. The descendants of Michifusa's son Michiharu (a branch family) served the Satake clan and continued to call themselves the Edo clan even after moving to Akita.

[Yuko Ikegami]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

(1)桓武平氏(かんむへいし)秩父(ちちぶ)氏から出る武蔵国(むさしのくに)の武家。同国豊島(としま)郡江戸（東京都の中央部）を本拠とし、重継(しげつぐ)のとき江戸氏を称す。その子重長(しげなが)が源頼朝(みなもとのよりとも)に従い、以後鎌倉幕府御家人(ごけにん)。幕府滅亡後は足利尊氏(あしかがたかうじ)に属し、室町期には扇谷(おうぎがやつ)上杉氏に仕え、江戸から多摩(たま)郡木多見(きたみ)（東京都世田谷区喜多見(きたみ)）に移る。戦国期には世田谷吉良(きら)氏に仕え、のち小田原北条氏に属す。北条氏滅亡後は徳川氏に仕え、喜多見氏と改称。1681年（天和1）喜多見で1万石を与えられ大名となるが、8年後に除封、廃藩。

(2)藤原秀郷(ふじわらのひでさと)の子孫那珂(なか)氏より出る常陸国(ひたちのくに)（茨城県）の武家。南北朝期に那珂通泰(みちやす)が足利尊氏に属して那珂郡江戸郷（同県那珂市）を与えられ、その子通高(みちたか)が江戸氏を称す。室町初期、上杉禅秀(ぜんしゅう)の乱（1416）ののちに通房(みちふさ)が大掾(だいじょう)氏を追って水戸城に入り、以後ここを拠点に南北に勢力を拡大。戦国期には一時守護家の佐竹氏と比肩する力をもつが、1590年（天正18）佐竹氏に追われて結城(ゆうき)氏を頼り、結城秀康(ひでやす)に仕えて越前(えちぜん)福井に移り水戸(みと)氏と改称。通房の子通治(みちはる)（庶家）の子孫は佐竹氏に仕えて、秋田に移ったのちも江戸氏を称した。

［池上裕子］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例