Bacterial toxins - Recently poisoned

Japanese: 細菌毒素 - さいきんどくそ

Pathogenic substances produced by bacteria. They are broadly divided into exotoxins, which are secreted outside the bacterial body, and endotoxins, which are released only after the cells are destroyed. The former are proteins produced by the gas gangrene group, staphylococci, streptococci, etc., and many of them lose their toxicity when heated. The toxicity varies depending on the bacterial species, and they have various types of toxicity, such as cytotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and enterotoxin. Some poisonings, such as the toxins of diphtheria, tetanus, and botulinum, can be prevented by toxoids. The latter are lipopolysaccharides, which are cell wall components of Shigella, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, etc., and are heat-resistant. They cause fever and shock symptoms, and cannot be prevented by toxoids.
→ Related article Ptomaine

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

細菌の産生する病原性物質。菌体外に分泌される外毒素（エキソトキシン）と細胞が破壊されてはじめて放出される内毒素（エンドトキシン）に大別される。前者はガス壊疽(えそ)菌群，ブドウ球菌，連鎖球菌等が産生するタンパク質で，加熱により毒性を失うものが多く，菌種ごとに多様で，細胞毒，神経毒，腸管毒などさまざまな毒性を有する。ジフテリア菌，破傷風菌，ボツリヌス菌の毒素のようにトキソイドにより中毒を予防できるものもある。後者は赤痢菌，サルモネラ菌属，大腸菌等の細胞壁成分であるリポ多糖で耐熱性であり，発熱やショック症状を起こし，トキソイドによる予防はできない。
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