Hiromi Arisawa

Statistician and economist. Born in Kochi City on February 16, 1896. Graduated from the Faculty of Economics (first class) of Tokyo Imperial University in 1922 (Taisho 11). After working as an assistant and assistant professor in the same faculty, he studied in Germany for three years from 1925, learning from the Berlin Economic Research Institute and other institutions, and was deeply impressed by Weimar Germany. After returning to Japan, he organized a research group with Yoshitaro Wakimura and others, and analyzed politics and economics during the Great Depression. Meanwhile, in the field of statistics, he dialectically explained the basis of the law of large numbers. In 1938 (Showa 13), he was implicated in the Professor Group Incident and took a leave of absence. After the war, he returned to Tokyo University and worked on rebuilding the Faculty of Economics, while also working as Yoshida Shigeru's economic brain, proposing a prioritized production method that focused on investing scarce resources in coal and steel, and aimed to produce 30 million tons of coal in 1947. He was asked to become the Director-General of the Economic Stabilization Board multiple times, but refused. After retiring in 1956, he served as professor at Hosei University and president (1959-1962), and participated in various committees, including the Atomic Energy Commission, to help formulate economic policies, especially contributing to the establishment of postwar energy policies. In 1980, he became president of the Japan Academy. His academic style was based on empirical evidence, and his policy theory was solid and profound, placing importance on feasibility. His major works include "Industrial Rationalization" (1930), "Cartel Trust Conzern, Vol. 1" (1931), "Japanese Industrial Control Theory" (1937), "Inflation and Socialization" (1948), and "The Story of the Weimar Republic" (private edition). He also supervised "Modern Japanese Industrial Lectures" (8 volumes), published between 1959 and 1960, and established a methodology for industrial theory.

[Takahide Nakamura]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

統計学者、経済学者。明治29年2月16日高知市に生まれる。1922年（大正11）東京帝国大学経済学部（第1回）卒業。同学部助手、助教授を経て1925年から3年間ドイツに留学、ベルリン景気研究所などに学び、ワイマール・ドイツに感銘。帰国後脇村義太郎(わきむらよしたろう)らと研究グループを組織し、世界恐慌下の政治・経済を分析した。一方、統計学の領域では大数法則の基礎を弁証法的に解明した。1938年（昭和13）教授グループ事件に連座、休職。敗戦後、東大に復帰し経済学部の再建にあたるかたわら、吉田茂の経済ブレーンとして、乏しい資材を石炭、鉄鋼に重点的に投入し、まず1947年に石炭3000万トンを出炭するという傾斜生産方式を立案した。再度にわたり経済安定本部長官就任を求められたが固辞。1956年定年退官後、法政大学教授、総長（1959～1962）を歴任するとともに、原子力委員会をはじめ各種委員会に参加して、経済政策の立案に協力、とくに戦後のエネルギー政策樹立に貢献した。1980年から日本学士院院長。学風は実証に徹し、政策論もまた実現可能性を重んじて着実重厚である。主要著書に『産業合理化』（1930）、『カルテル・トラスト・コンツェルン　上』（1931）、『日本工業統制論』（1937）、『インフレーションと社会化』（1948）、『ワイマール共和国物語』（私家版）などがあり、また1959～1960年刊行の『現代日本産業講座』（全8巻）を監修して産業論の方法を確立した。

［中村隆英］

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