Choi Ik-hyun - Saiekigen

A Confucian scholar from the late Joseon Dynasty, and a leader of the anti-Japanese volunteer militia movement. His pen name was Ben'an. He was from Pocheon County, Gyeonggi Province. He studied under the great Confucian scholar Yi Hang-ro and passed the civil service examination in 1855, but in 1873 he impeached Daewongun and was exiled to Jeju Island. After that, he left the government and became an independent Confucian scholar. In 1876 he was exiled to Heuksan Island for opposing the Treaty of Ganghwa (the Treaty of Amity between Japan and Korea). He later opposed Japan's invasion and the Korean government's policy of modernization, and was angry when Japan imposed the Protectorate Treaty (the Eulsa Protectorate Treaty) in 1905. In 1906 he finally raised a volunteer militia to fight back. However, he was defeated and imprisoned by the Japanese army on Tsushima, where he died.

[Takahiro Hatada]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

李氏(りし)朝鮮末期の儒者、反日義兵運動の指導者。号は勉菴(べんあん)。京畿道(けいきどう)抱川県の人。大儒李恒老(りこうろう)に師事し、1855年科挙に合格したが、73年大院君を弾劾して済州島に流され、以後、官界を去り在野儒者となった。76年江華条約（日朝修好条規）に反対して黒山島に流された。のち日本の侵入および朝鮮政府の開化政策に反対し、1905年日本が保護条約（乙巳(いっし)保護条約）を押し付けたのを怒り、06年ついに義兵をあげて抗戦した。しかし敗北し、日本軍によって対馬(つしま)に監禁され、そこで死んだ。

［旗田　巍］

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