Chondroitin Sulfate - Chondroitin Ryusan

Japanese: コンドロイチン硫酸 - コンドロイチンリュウサン
Chondroitin Sulfate - Chondroitin Ryusan

A general term for various sulfate esters of chondroitin, a matrix component of animal connective tissue. Types A and C were first found in cartilage, while type B was found in skin (1951). The uronic acid in types A and C is D -glucuronic acid, while type B has an L -iduronic acid, and so it came to be called dermatan sulfate. Types A and C have 1 mol of sulfate ester groups per disaccharide unit, N -acetylchondroitin, but the bond positions are different. [ I ] Chondroitin sulfate A (chondroitin 4-sulfate): This accounts for 20-40% of the dry weight of whale and bovine nasal and tracheal cartilage, and can be obtained by digesting and removing proteins, followed by precipitation with ethanol as a calcium salt. Molecular weight 30,000-50,000, -28-32° (water). Intrinsic viscosity 0.2-1.0. Shows infrared absorption at 928 cm -1 and 850 cm -1 due to axial COS. Used to treat hyperlipoproteinemia. [ II ] Chondroitin sulfate C (chondroitin 6-sulfate): Found in large amounts in connective tissues such as heart valves, navel, and tendons. Molecular weight 3 x 10 4 to 5 x 10 4 . -16 to -22° (water). Shows infrared absorption at 820 cm -1 and 1000 cm -1 due to equatorial COS. [ III ] Others: Chondroitin sulfate D (SO 4 /GalN = 1.3 to 1.5) from shark cartilage, chondroitin sulfate E (SO 4 /GalN = 1.55) from Japanese pacific flying squid cartilage, and chondroitin sulfate K (SO 2 /GalN = 1.6) from horseshoe crab cartilage are known, each of which contains disaccharide disulfate residues with different sulfate group bonding positions.

In the body, these chondroitin sulfates are covalently bound to proteins, and between the polysaccharide and the protein there exists a trisaccharide Galp(β1→3)Galp(β1→4)Xylp, with an O -glycosidic bond between this xylose and serine. The type and content of chondroitin sulfate varies depending on the animal species, part of the body, disease, etc., and it is also found in human serum and urine. [CAS 9007-28-7]

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

動物の結合組織の基質成分であるコンドロイチンの種々の硫酸エステルの総称.最初に軟骨中にはAとCが,また皮膚にはBが存在することが見いだされた(1951年).A,Cに含まれるウロン酸がD-グルクロン酸であるのに対し,Bはウロン酸がL-イズロン酸であることから,デルマタン硫酸とよばれるようになった.AとCは二糖単位,N-アセチルコンドロシン当たり1 mol の硫酸エステル基をもつが,結合位置を異にする.【】コンドロイチン硫酸A(コンドロイチン4-硫酸):クジラや,ウシの鼻や気管の軟骨では乾燥重量の20~40% を占めており,タンパク質を消化,除去したのち,カルシウム塩としてエタノールで沈殿させると得られる.分子量3万~5万,-28~32°(水).固有粘度0.2~1.0.アキシアルC-O-Sによる928 cm-1,850 cm-1 の赤外線吸収を示す.リポタンパク過剰血症に用いる.【】コンドロイチン硫酸C(コンドロイチン6-硫酸):心臓弁,へそ,腱などの結合組織に多く含まれる.分子量3×104~5×104.-16~-22°(水).エカトリアルC-O-Sによる820 cm-1,1000 cm-1 の赤外線吸収を示す.【】そのほか:サメの軟骨からのコンドロイチン硫酸D(SO4/GalN = 1.3~1.5),スルメイカの軟骨からのコンドロイチン硫酸E(SO4/GalN = 1.55),カブトガニの軟骨からのコンドロイチン硫酸K(SO2/GalN = 1.6)などが知られており,それぞれ硫酸基の結合位置の異なる二糖二硫酸残基を含んでいる.

生体内では,これらのコンドロイチン硫酸はタンパク質と共有結合しており,多糖類とタンパク質との間には三糖Galp(β1→3)Galp(β1→4)Xylpが存在し,このキシロースとセリンとの間でO-グリコシド結合している.コンドロイチン硫酸は動物種,部位,疾患などによって種類や含量が異なり,ヒトの血清や尿中にも含まれている.[CAS 9007-28-7]

出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報

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