Ali ibn Abī Tālīb

Japanese: アリー（英語表記）`Alī ibn Abī Tālīb

[Birth] 600 yen. Mecca
[Died] 661. Cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, the prophet of Kufa. Fourth orthodox caliph (reigned 656-661). Raised by Muhammad from an early age, he served as his capable secretary when Muhammad began his prophetic activities. He married Muhammad's youngest daughter, Fatima, and had two sons, thus passing on Muhammad's lineage to future generations. After the assassination of the third caliph, Uthman, he was elected caliph, but was forced to fight against opponents such as Muhammad's widow Aisha and Muawiyah (→Muawiyah I) of the Umayyad family, and was assassinated by an assassin from the opposition. Later, the Shiites claimed that only descendants of Ali were eligible to become leaders of the Islamic world.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]600頃.メッカ
[没]661. クーファ
預言者ムハンマドの従弟で女婿。第4代正統カリフ (在位 656～661) 。幼少のときからムハンマドに養育され，ムハンマドが預言者として活動しはじめると，その有能な秘書として活躍。ムハンマドの末娘ファーティマと結婚して，2男をもうけ，ムハンマドの血筋を後世に伝えた。第3代カリフ，ウスマーンの暗殺後，カリフに選出されたが，ムハンマドの未亡人アーイシャやウマイヤ家のムアーウィヤ (→ムアーウィヤ1世 ) らの反対派との戦いを余儀なくされ，反対派の刺客に暗殺された。のちに，シーア派はアリーの子孫のみにイスラム世界の指導者の資格があると主張した。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

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