Enhanced Collection Act

…Oil is a natural compound that is produced as it is from an oil well and is composed mainly of liquid hydrocarbons, with trace amounts of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, metals, etc. It is called crude oil, and together with hydrocarbon-based natural gas, it is collectively called petroleum. In a broad sense, petroleum also includes various petroleum products such as fuel oils, lubricants, and asphalt.
[Cause]
Since the beginning of the 19th century, there has been a conflict between the organic (living) and inorganic (non-living) origin theories regarding the origin of petroleum. Initially, the inorganic theory was the most popular, and among these were the volcanic origin theory, the theory that it was caused by the contact of carbon dioxide with alkali metals, and the theory that it was caused by the reaction of carbide with water, many of which were proposed by chemists.

*Some of the terminology used in the Enhanced Collection Act is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…油井から生産されたままの，液状炭化水素を主成分とし，微量の硫黄，窒素，酸素，金属などを含む天然化合物を原油といい，炭化水素系天然ガスとともに石油と総称される。各種燃料油，潤滑油，アスファルトなどの石油製品も広義には石油のなかに含まれる。
［成因］
　石油の成因については19世紀初頭以来，有機(生物)起源説と無機(無生物)起源説とが対立してきた。当初有力だったのは無機説であって，このなかには火山起源説，炭酸ガスとアルカリ金属との接触によるとの説，カーバイドと水との反応によるとの説があり，化学者によって提案されたものが多い。…

※「回収強化法」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報