Collimator - korime-taa (English spelling) collimator

Japanese: コリメーター - こりめーたー(英語表記)collimator
Collimator - korime-taa (English spelling) collimator

A device that converts a diverging light beam from a point source into a parallel light beam. It is also called a collimator or a collimating device. A telescope objective lens or objective mirror is used. A telescope focuses a parallel light beam from infinity to a single point, but a collimator does the opposite. In a lens collimator, an achromatic lens is used as it is depending on the purpose. When a concave mirror is used, the light source is inside the parallel light beam, so a small-diameter plane mirror is used to send light from a point light source placed outside the parallel light beam (inverse Newtonian method), or an off-axis parabolic mirror is used as a concave mirror. It has many uses, such as a collimator for a spectroscope, a collimator used to determine the collimation axis of a telescope in a meridian circle, an inspection of the surfaces of lenses and mirrors during their manufacture, or an adjustment of the optical axis when lenses and mirrors are used. As an inspection tool, a parallel light beam is reflected by a mirror or the like and observed by the collimator itself, which is called an autocollimator.

[Yasumasa Yamashita]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

点光源から発散する光束を平行光束に変える装置。視準器または視準儀ともいう。望遠鏡の対物レンズまたは対物鏡が用いられる。望遠鏡では無限遠からの平行光束を1点に集光させるが、コリメーターはその逆の作用をする。レンズ・コリメーターでは用途に応じて色消しレンズがそのまま用いられる。凹面鏡を用いるときは光源位置が平行光束の中にくるから、小口径の平面鏡を用いて平行光束の外に置いた点光源から光を送り込む(逆ニュートン式)か、あるいは凹面鏡に軸外放物面鏡を用いるなどのくふうを要する。分光器のコリメーター、子午環(しごかん)などで望遠鏡の視準軸を決めるのに用いられるコリメーター、レンズや鏡の製作時の面の検査、あるいはレンズや鏡の使用時の光学軸の調整など多方面の用途がある。検査器具としては、平行光束を鏡などで反射させコリメーター自身で観察するが、これをオート・コリメーターという。

[山下泰正]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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